Leather has limited uses in smart or advanced applications because it doesn’t conduct electricity. Applying double in situ–polymerization of pyrrole gives leather conductive properties. The treated leather changes its natural color into black color going through this double in–situ polymerization method and show very good conductivity. The problem we faced was the losing in color while using it in different applications. Therefore, in this research, we have concluded an increasement of the color fastness resistance of the black leather, which was demonstrated by the electro conductive measurements and good resistance to rubbing.
Determining the surface resistance of electro conductive refined natural leather materials is in the focus of
this paper. Natural leather samples are initially transformed to conductive by applying chemical treatment
process known as polymerization. Due to the existence of various techniques for measuring electrical resistance
of conductive materials, we are focused on measuring surface resistance by arranging four electrodes in the
edges of square leather samples, also known as Van der Pauw method. Improving the results accuracy, we
use a multi-variant electrode placement over the sample edges. The result is the average of all results gained
for different placements. Moreover, we use this electrode placement technique to analyse the anisotropy of
conductive samples. The results of this research provide important knowledge about leather chemical treatment
and its electrical proprieties.
Measurement of electrical resistance of textile materials, fiber and fabrics included, remains always an engaging task due to sensitivities to interference of multiple factors. Difficulty stands on both finding a method of measurements that fits the requirements of samples to be tested and the most appropriate indicator describing this property. Numerous methods and indicators are used for different sample content and shape (fibers, roving, yarn or fabric, etc.), even when the material tested is the same. Different methods usually use indicators that produce results difficult to compare or to interpret, or do not express intrinsic qualities of their constituent materials. The situation is the same for leather materials. In this paper, we propose a new method, multiple steps method, and a new indicator, electrical resistivity, which takes into consideration compressional properties of leather sample and produce results independent from the amount and form of the sample. Electrical resistivity of conductive leather, as defined below, is shown to be an inherent indicator of bulk conductivity of leather assembly and is not influenced by sample form or the way it is placed within the measuring cell. The method is used for the first time to evaluate changes in electrical resistivity of leather after various chemical processes to make it electro-conductive. The data provide important information about the evolution of electro-conductive properties of leather at different stages of processing, as well as the influence of environmental conditions.
Rapid growth of world population has higher impact on increasing buildings energy consumption. Therefore, improving energy consumption is an important concern for building engineers and operators. Energy management through forecasting approaches as one of most effective methods is in focus of this paper. Review of most elaborated methods is in our focus, where we investigate two main directions of energy prediction approaches. First category of approaches focuses on engineering methods mainly very reliable on building early operation stages and design phase, meanwhile second category go through data driven methods. Existing research works focused on these two models are introduced emphasizing advantages and relevant applications of methods.
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