Objective: To evaluate cognitive function impairment in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) of either the restricting (ANR) or binge-eating/purging (ANBP) subtype.Method: We administered the Japanese version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery to 22 patients with ANR, 18 patients with ANBP, and 69 healthy control subjects. Our participants were selected from among the patients at the Kobe University Hospital and community residents.Results: Compared to the healthy controls, the ANR group had significantly lower visual learning and social cognition scores, and the ANBP group had significantly lower processing speed, attention/vigilance, visual learning, reasoning/problem-solving, and social cognition scores. Compared to the ANR group, the ANBP group had significantly lower attention/vigilance scores.Discussion: The AN subtypes differed in cognitive function impairments. Participants with ANBP, which is associated with higher mortality rates than ANR, exhibited greater impairment severities, especially in the attention/vigilance domain, confirming the presence of impairments in continuous concentration. This may relate to the impulsivity, an ANBP characteristic reported in the personality research. Future studies can further clarify the cognitive impairments of each subtype by addressing the subtype cognitive functions and personality characteristics.

Aim: MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery was developed by the National Institute of Mental Health to establish acceptance criteria for measuring cognitive changes in schizophrenia and can be used to assess cognitive functions in other psychiatric disorders. We used a Japanese version of MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery to explore the changes in multiple cognitive functions in patients with mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease. Methods: We administered the Japanese version of MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery to 11 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 11 patients with Alzheimer's disease, and 27 healthy controls. All Japanese versions of MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery domain scores were converted to t-scores using sample means and standard deviations and were compared for significant performance differences among healthy control, MCI, and mild Alzheimer's disease groups. Results: Compared with healthy controls, patients with MCI and mild Alzheimer's disease demonstrated the same degree of impairment to processing speed, verbal learning, and visual learning. Reasoning and problem-solving showed significant impairments only in mild Alzheimer's disease. Verbal and visual abilities in working memory showed different performances in the MCI and mild Alzheimer's disease groups, with the Alzheimer's disease group demonstrating significantly more deficits in these domains. No significant difference was found among the groups in attention/vigilance and social cognition. Conclusions: The Japanese version of MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery can be used to elucidate the characteristics of cognitive dysfunction of normal aging, MCI, and mild dementia in clinical practice.

Manufacturing system model specification varies in each simulation model, due to the lack of generalised manufacturing system modelling formalism in conventional object-oriented modelling approaches. In order to overcome those difficulties, a procedural modelling formalism of distributed manufacturing simulator is proposed. Because a standardised modelling template with IDEF 0 realises procedural modelling via a logical decomposition of the objective system, the proposed approach facilitates multi-stage manufacturing system planning.