Purpose: To compare the accommodation convergence per accommodation ratio (AC/A) in true and simulated divergence excess exotropia.
Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of ophthalmology, Punjab Rangers teaching hospital, Lahore, from July 2019 to December 2019.
Methods: The study included 20 patients each of intermittent exotropia (XT) true and simulated divergence excess exotropia (XT).All the subjects underwent complete orthoptic assessmentthat included AC/A ratio calculation through heterophoria method after monocular occlusion.
Results: The Results showed that patients with true divergence excess exotropia have a high AC/A ratio as compared to patients with simulated divergence excess exotropia who have a normal AC/A ratio. 57% patients showed true divergence excess exotropia with high AC/A ratio while 43% had divergence excess with normal AC/A ratio.
Conclusion: The response of AC/A was found to be higher in patients with true divergence excess exotropia after monocular occlusion.
Key Words: Intermittent exotropia, True simulated divergence excess exotropia, simulated divergence excess exotropia.
Background: Different surgical treatment options are used to treat cataracts, such as Manual Small Incision Cataract surgery (MSICS) and Phacoemulsification. The present study compares the visual outcomes of phacoemulsification and MSICS in senile cataract patients.
Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 270 patients aged between 50 and 70. Patients diagnosed with senile cataract were included in the study and divided equally into two groups, Group A patients underwent MSICS, and Group B patients underwent Phacoemulsification. Pre-operative visual acuity and Postoperative visual acuity were assessed between the two groups on the 1st day, 1st week, and 1st month.
Results: Significant difference (p=0.001) was observed on 1st day of assessing uncorrected visual acuity among both interventional groups. However, no significant difference was observed in uncorrected visual acuity postoperatively on the 1st week (p=0.093) and 1st month (p=0.266).
Conclusion: Both Phacoemulsification and MSICS are beneficial surgical options to treat senile cataract, with both showing similar efficacy to one another.
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