Ellagic acid, a common plant phenol, was found to be an effective inhibitor of in vitro lipid peroxidation by the erythrocyte ghost and microsome test systems. The structure-activity relationship of ellagic acid and two of its derivatives has been carried out, and it was suggested that ellagic acid was the most potent inhibitor of the perferryl-dependent initiation step of NADPH-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidation. Ellagic acid also strongly inhibited lipid peroxidation induced by Adriamycin, but the two ellagic acid derivatives were much less effective. This difference was true of all NADPH-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidations.Oxygen species such as hydroxy radicals, superoxide anion radicals, and singlet oxygens are proposed to be agents that attack polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes and give rise to lipid peroxidation. Several reports have suggested that lipid peroxidation may lead to destabilization and disintegration of cell membranes,
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