Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is primarily treated with surgical resection. SCC has various stages, and local recurrence is common. The purpose of this study was to determine molecular localization of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the possibility of EGFR as a biomarker for the management of conjunctival SCC. Methods In this retrospective study, we performed immunohistochemistry to evaluate EGFR expression and localization in tumor cells, EGFR mutation-specific expression (E746-A750del and L858R), and human papillomavirus expression in a series of 29 conjunctival SCCs. Results All 29 tumors in our cohort were EGFR positive (100%). Twenty-one of 29 tumors (72%) showed focal EGFR staining, and seven (28%) showed diffuse EGFR staining. In addition, we calculated the percentages of the two most important mutations in EGFR (exon 19 746-A750del (8/29, 27.5%), exon 21 (L858R mutant (2/29, 6.8%)) in conjunctival SCCs. We observed that the translocation of EGFR from the membrane into the cytoplasm was related to clinical prognosis, as we detected correlations between EGFR cytoplasmic staining and final orbital exenteration and between decreased EGFR membrane staining and progression-free survival.
The efficacy of adalimumab in patients with noninfectious intermediate, posterior and panuveitis (NIPPU) has been assessed based on clinical findings obtained by conventional biomicroscopy. In this study, we utilised enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and attempted to investigate whether choroidal imaging parameters obtained by EDI-OCT are helpful in monitoring disease activity following the initiation of adalimumab therapy in eyes with refractory NIPPU. Our data indicates that the efficacy of adalimumab therapy could be better monitored by subfoveal choroidal thickness than the choroidal stromal index defined as the proportion of stromal area to the total choroidal area stromal area. From the results of subgroup analysis, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease is likely to be most suitable for EDI-OCT evaluation.
In this study, there were significant differences in 45 genes between conjunctival carcinoma in situ (Tis) and advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).Thrombospondin-1 had the highest frequency of different expression.・ Thrombospondin 1 showed significantly different expression between Tis and advanced SCC (≤T1). There was a significant correlation between thrombospondin-1 expression and the Ki67 index associated with tumor progression.・ Thrombospondin-1 expression correlated with progression-free survival and final orbital exenteration.
This study retrospectively determined the relationship between vitreous IL-6 levels and clinical and laboratory data collected from uveitis patients. We examined an unknown cause of posterior uveitis, collecting vitreous fluid to investigate vitreous IL-6 levels. The samples were analyzed in consideration of clinical and laboratory factors, such as the male/female ratio. The present study included 82 eyes from 77 patients with a mean age of 66.20 ± 15.41 years. The IL-6 concentrations of the vitreous specimens were 6255.0 ± 14,108.3 pg/mL in males and 277.6 ± 746.3 pg/mL in females, which was found to be a statistically significant difference (p = 0.048) (n = 82). There was also a statistically significant correlation between vitreous IL-6 concentrations, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) value and white blood cell counts (WBCs) (n = 82). In multivariate analysis, vitreous IL-6 levels were significantly correlated with gender and CRP in all cases (p = 0.048 and p < 0.01, respectively) and were also significantly correlated with CRP in non-infectious uveitis (p < 0.01). In infectious uveitis, there were no significant differences between IL-6 level and several variables. Vitreous IL-6 concentrations were higher in males than in females in all cases. In non-infectious uveitis, vitreous IL-6 levels were correlated with serum CRP. These results might suggest that intraocular IL-6 levels depend on gender differences in posterior uveitis, and intraocular IL-6 levels in non-infectious uveitis may reflect systemic inflammations, including increased serum CRP.
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