Komamura, Kohei, and Yamada, Atsuhiro-Who bears the burden of social insurance? Evidence from Japanese health and long-term care insurance data Using the society-managed health insurance data, which is cross-sectional time-series and covers 1670 health insurance societies for seven years (FY1995-2001), we found for the first time in Japan that the majority of the employers' contribution to health insurance is shifting back onto the employees in the form of wage reduction. On the other hand, we cannot find such evidence for the contribution to long-term care insurance using a two-year (FY2000-2001) panel data set. The difference can be theoretically explained by how employees value the contribution relative to social security benefits they enjoy.

Through the lens of Institutional Entrepreneurship, this paper discusses how governments use the levers of power afforded through business and welfare systems to affect change in the organisational management of older workers. It does so using national stakeholder interviews in two contrasting economies: the United Kingdom and Japan. Both governments have taken a ‘light-touch’ approach to work and retirement. However, the highly institutionalised Japanese system affords the government greater leverage than that of the liberal UK system in changing employer practices at the workplace level.

Intellectual dysfunctioning, as measured by an assessment instrument developed by OPCS, represents an increased risk factor for mortality among community-residing older people.

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This paper focuses on institutional barriers to older workers' continued work beyond the conventional retirement age in contemporary Japan.Under the current institutional arrangements, most older workers in Japan, contending with mandatory retirement rules at the workplace, have the option of being re-employed after mandatory retirement, and experience large wage reductions if they choose this option. We examine how these institutional arrangements in Japan today affect older workers' views and decisions regarding their future labor market behaviors. Using a multi-nomial logit analysis, we analyze data drawn from a nationally representative sample of 1,400 male regular employees, aged 57 to 59, who participated in the 2007 "Survey on continued employment and occupational life after age 60 (Rokujūsai ikō no keizoku kōyō to shokugyō seikatsu ni kansuru chōsa)", which was conducted by the Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training (JILPT). Our analysis has found (i) that older workers do not want to be re-employed if their prospective wages are lower than their desired minimum level; (ii) that, if they choose not to be re-employed, they tend to seek alternative employment opportunities by themselves rather than retiring; and (iii) that, other than prospective wage level, the prospective total income (including "inwork" social security benefits) and the availability of flexible work arrangements are crucial factors affecting the future labor market behaviors of older workers.

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Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format DEELSA/ELSA/WD(2002)4 Unclassified English-Or. English DEELSA/ELSA/WD(2002)4 2 DIRECTORATE FOR EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT, LABOUR AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS OCCASIONAL PAPERS This series is designed to make available to a wider readership selected labour market and social policy studies prepared for use within the OECD. Authorship is usually collective, but principal writers are named. The papers are generally available only in their original language-English or French-with a summary in the other. Comment on the series is welcome, and should be sent to the Directorate for Education, Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, 2, rue André-Pascal, 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16, France. Additional, limited copies are available on request. The opinions expressed and arguments employed here are the responsibility of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD Applications for permission to reproduce or translate all or part of this material should be made to:

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