Coconut estate is one of the vital agriculture sub-sectors in Indonesia because it has an important role in absorbing employment. In the early 20th century, Netherland Indies was one of the major copra exporters globally, and the eastern region of Nusantara contributed as the leading producer. However, in the 1930s – 1950s, the coconut-based economy's contraction phase in the eastern region had weakened the whole production. The Indonesian government tried to recover coconut estates and its economic market through several efforts, such as rehabilitating smallholder coconut estates, recovering copra trading, and starting coconut industrialization. Used historical research methods, this article described the shifting of Indonesia coconut-based economy from the past center of trade and production, in the eastern region of Indonesia, to a recent major producer and industry cluster in the Indragiri Hilir, Riau Province. In the 1980s – 1990s, the government efforts to improve coconut commodities have led to shifting the Indonesian coconut-based economy to Indragiri Hilir. Several policies issued by the government such as Smallholder Coconut Development Project, Proyek Peremajaan Rehabilitasi dan Perluasan Tanaman Ekspor (PRPTE), Nucleus Estate Smallholder (NES), Nucleus Estate Smallholder Transmigration (NES-Trans), and the local government funding, as well as the liberalization of coconut trading regulation, had stimulated rapid growth of coconut estates in Indragiri Hilir. Even though several schemes and governments attempt to develop smallholder coconut estates, the expansion rate was mostly dominated by self-funded smallholder coconut estates. During the 1980s – 1990s, the increasing demand for coconut from large-scale processing industries had attracted the smallholder to cultivate coconut.
Media dalam dengan beragam bentuk jenisnya (film, televisi, musik, buku, dan lain-lain) memiliki potensi untuk mempengaruhi audience-nya. Lalu bagaimana dengan teks naratif sejarah? Tentunya sejarah dengan seperangkat kisah naratif masa lalu yang berisikan hikmah, pelajaran, dan keteladanan baik itu dari tokoh sejarah maupun peristiwa-peristiwanya, juga mengandung nilai-nilai yang seharusnya diwariskan kepada generasi muda. Artikel ini merupakan studi pendahuluan dengan metode integrative review untuk menelaah secara teoritis posisi wacana tentang teks sejarah dan akuisisi nilai berdasarkan literatur-literatur disiplin ilmu sejarah serta psikologi behavioristik dan kognitif. Mempelajari sejarah berkaitan dengan memahami cerita naratif yang dalam hal ini berkaitan dengan kemampuan membaca. Agar dapat efektif mencapai tingkatan historical literacy dalam membaca sejarah tidak sekedar hanya bisa membaca informasi tetapi dibutuhkan pemahaman terkait paradigma disiplin ilmu sejarah itu sendiri untuk mengetahui makna intrinsik aspirasi yang dibawanya. Mengenai proses akuisisi nilai dan karakter dari teks sejarah konsep social learning theory mengkonfirmasi bahwa teks naratif merupakan salah satu rangsangan simbolis yang mampu menjadi modeling terhadap kecendrungan pembaca untuk menyerap nilai atau meniru perilaku dari karakter modeling. Selain itu konsep experience-taking dalam aktivitas membaca teks naratif menjelaskan bagaimana kondisi yang memungkinkan bagi pembaca untuk kehilangan diri mereka sendiri dan menyerap identitas karakter, mengadopsi pikiran, emosi, tujuan, sifat, dan tindakan karakter tersebut, seolah-olah mereka adalah karakter itu.
In general, history is a construction of the past that should use models, methods, and concepts of other social sciences to explain the changes or events throughout human life and civilization. Thus, the assumption that history should be explained from a broader perspective of social sciences and the deep analysis of social theory has transformed the need for an interdisciplinary approach in history education. In the quest for an advanced learning approach to history education, this article proposes integrative learning as an approach that could meet the need for the integration of various perspectives and theories from social science disciplines in learning history. Constructively explained through a systematic literature review of related studies oriented towards history, interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary, and integrative learning, this article works on the possibility of integration encompassing four steps, namely establishing a purpose, understanding and leveraging disciplinary insights, leveraging integration, and critical stance. Despite the lack of empirical research, integrative learning is a promising concept that could improve the method of fostering high-order thinking skills in history education.
Banjaresse Culture is a transformation and transculturation of the pre-Islamic religious beliefs with post-Islamization. The contact between the two cultures resulted in a new Banjar entity that strongly influenced by the values of Islam and Malay culture. In art, madihin emerges as the result of assimilation between Malay-Muslim and Banjar art cultures. Madihin has similarities to the oral literature of Malay, pantun and verse, but it is delivered in Banjaresse language, with rhymes that are not necessarily follow certain pattern (eg: must be a-a-a-a or a-b-a-b), no limitation for number of stanza, and not play a particular drama. The emergence of madihin is a transformation of qasida form which present to mark the presence of Islam in the archiplego. The use of tarbang as a musical instrument in madihin, similar to qasida with its rebana-drums. However, madihin is different from the qasida arts whose lyrics are the verses of the song. Madihin is likely an oral literature that has no pattern of regular rhyme and lyric, and not too concerned with the suitability of the lyrics, verse with the rhythm, as an important conformity in the music of qasida.
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