Videos containing authentic interaction-based video clips play an important role in facilitating EFL learners to study the target language. This study aimed to develop video lectures containing authentic interaction-based video clips, which can facilitate students in learning requests and apology speech acts. This study employed Research and Development using the ADDIE model. The analysis phase showed that it is necessary to develop the videos. Experts’ evaluations showed that the videos were acceptable, relevant, usable, and appropriate to a very high extent. The students’ evaluation revealed that the videos were valid and applicable to a high extent. In the implementation of the videos, it was revealed that there was a significant increase in the students’ ability. This means that the content of the videos was significant to increase the students’ ability. This means that the products of this research can be applied as lecture videos or instructional devices in teaching and learning devices for independent study.

Technology has received a lot of attention because of its potential to solve learning problems in this modern era. Disinterest and low participation of students in the learning process, encourage teachers to use technology as a medium to increase students' enthusiasm for learning English, especially speaking. This research aims to determine whether Hello English application had a significant impact on speaking ability. Pre-experimental research was employed to conduct this research. The sample of this research consisted of 35 students from class XI MIA 1 at SMAN 3 Padang Sidimpuan. The pretest is used to determine the students' initial speaking ability. The posttest was conducted after the treatment was applied in four meetings utilizing Hello English application as a supporting medium in learning English. The t-test formula was used to analyze the collected data. Based on the findings of this research, the t-count value was 26.727, and the t-table value was 2.032. It denotes the alternative hypothesis (Ha) regarding there is a significant effect of Hello English application on the speaking ability of eleventh-grade students at SMAN 3 Padang Sidimpuan is accepted.

This research was intended to develop an electronic module based on Kuantan Singingi’s local wisdom as teaching material for writing procedure texts in high school and to discover the validity level of it. Thus, this research applied the Research and Development (R&D) using the 4D Model introduced by Thiagajaran et al. (1974). The data of this research were collected through an interview with an English teacher at SMAN 1 Sentajo Raya and the validation sheet from a material expert and a media expert. The research findings revealed the assessment from the material expert scored 84 with a percentage of 84%, classified as ‘Valid’, while that from the media expert scored 80 with a percentage of 94.11%, categorized as ‘Very Valid’. Owing to this, the e-module is confirmed to be valid and eligible to use as a teaching and learning material for writing procedure texts in high school. The use of this e-module can be an alternative for teaching material in order to help improve the student’s skills in writing procedure texts as well as conserve the local wisdom, specifically concerning traditional food, among them.

This research was aimed to find out the difficulties of students on reading understanding analytical exposition text. This research is descriptive quantitative research. The population of this research was the second-year students of SMA Negeri 9 Pekanbaru, then for the sample choose one class by using clustering-random-sampling. This research used a reading test and questionnaire as the instrument. The results of this study indicate that there are difficulties for students to understand analytical exposition text based on 8 (eight) indicators, namely finding the main idea, finding factual information, finding, references and inferences, finding vocabulary, identifying the social function, identifying the generic structure and identifying language features of analytical exposition text. The results of the research data indicate that students have difficulty in identifying the social function (56%) was categorized as high level, difficulty in identifying generic structure (54%) was categorized as medium level and difficulty language features of the text (54%) was categorized as medium level. Then, the questionnaire data showed that the students have problems in difficulty level of text, difficulty in reading interest, and lack of review material. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the second-year students of SMA Negeri 9 Pekanbaru have difficulty on reading analytical exposition text, and it is recommended for the students to learn and practice more about analytical exposition text, and for English teachers are suggested to give more detailed explanation and exercises about analytical exposition text.

The advancements in technology make it unavoidable to be used as a teaching medium in education. Thus, this research aims to develop an interactive learning media in the form of an Android-based application as a teaching medium for writing descriptive texts in senior high school and to determine the validity of the media. The researchers applied the Research and Development (R&D) by employing the 4D Model developed by Thiagarajan et al. (1974). The instruments used were an interview, the validation sheets from a material expert, a media expert, and a learning expert (an English teacher), and a students’ response questionnaire. The research findings showed that the average result of the experts' assessment was 3.75 which was classified as 'Very Valid', then from the result of the students’ response questionnaire a percentage score of 81.19%, categorized as 'Very Decent’. Therefore, interactive learning media indicates valid and suitable to be utilized as teaching and learning media for writing descriptive texts for tenth-grade students in high school. The use of interactive learning media can be an alternative to attract students' interest in the learning process, especially in writing descriptive texts in a fun way.