High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)was originally defined as a nuclear protein. However, later studies showed that HMGB1 was released from damaged cells into the extracellular milieu and functioned as a danger signaling molecule. HMGB1 has also been shown to exert proliferative and chemoattractant effects on many cell types. In this study, we investigated the in vitro effect of human recombinant HMGB1 on the proliferation and migration of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLF). For the proliferation assay, HGF and HPDLF were cultured in the presence of 5, 10, and 50 ng/mL HMGB1. After a period of 6 days, cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay.
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