PDFF measurement by MR imaging provided a noninvasive, accurate estimation of the presence and grading of hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD. Hepatic fibrosis reduced the correlation between biopsy results and PDFF.

It was demonstrated that although the Tel Hashomer criteria were successful in diagnosing the FMF patients in childhood, its specificity was definitely low in children. The new set of criteria has a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of FMF and is practical to use on an everyday basis.

The study data demonstrate that pelvic floor dysfunction is a common problem among women and it is strongly linked to childbirth and aging.

None of the four missense mutations is associated with a severe disease or the development of amyloidosis in Turkish FMF patients living in Turkey. The influence of unknown environmental factors and/or the presence of other genetic changes are necessary to explain the phenotypic variation of the disease and the development of amyloidosis.

Adaptation of the FIM has been successful and it can be used in Turkey as long as the limitations are recognized.

Our findings revealed that all nutritional assessment techniques can be safely applied to the clinical setting with no significant difference in predictive value. We therefore strongly recommend the use of any of these techniques to improve the outcome of surgical care. Meanwhile, further investigations are needed, and much effort must be given to find the best method for assessing nutritional status.

Both MRI-PDFF and MRS can be used for accurate quantification of hepatic steatosis.

Study design:A reliability and validity study of a previously translated version of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Objectives:To validate the Turkish version of the RMDQ for use in low back pain. Summary of Background data:Clinical and epidemiological research related to low back pain in the Turkish population would be facilitated by the availability of well-established outcome measures.Methods: 81 outpatients with low back pain, 64 of whom were followed up on a second occasion were assessed by the RMDQ. Reliability is assessed using internal consistency and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Internal construct validity is assessed by Rasch Turkish Version of Roland-Morris 2 analysis; external construct validity by association with pain and spinal movement. Responsiveness is tested by both the non-parametric and parametric effect size.Results: Internal consistency of the RMDQ is found to be adequate (> 0.85) at both times, with high ICC's also at both time points. Internal construct validity of the scale is good, indicating a single underlying construct. Expected associations with pain confirm external construct validity. There is little evidence of Differential Item Functioning (DIF). The scale is at the ordinal level. Responsiveness of the RMDQ is good and greater than observed change in spinal movement. Conclusions:The RMDQ is a robust unidimensional ordinal measure, largely free of DIF, which works well in the Turkish population. Non-parametric effect sizes of ordinal scales are found to over-or underestimate the true effect size depending upon the nature of the scale and the distribution of patients at baseline. KEY WORDSLOW BACK PAIN, DISABILITY, REHABILITATION, OUTCOME, RASCH. KEY POINTS♦ The Roland Morris Disability Scale is valid for the Turkish Population. ♦ The scale works in the same way by gender and age. ♦ The scale is ordinal. ♦ Effect size calculations on this scale are invalid due to its ordinal nature. MINI ABSTRACTThis study investigates the reliability and validity of a previously translated Turkish version of the Roland-Morris disability questionnaire on 81 patients with low back pain. The questionnaire proved to be a robust, unidimensional ordinal scale, reliable and valid for the Turkish population.Turkish Version of Roland-Morris 3