An oral isotonic drink postdischarge can have a prophylactic effect on patients with a newly formed ileostomy, preventing readmission for fluid and electrolyte abnormalities. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A603.

Food safety constitutes a basic priority for public health. Foodborne botulism occurs worldwide; it is an acute paralytic disease caused by the consumption of food containing the botulinum toxin. Growing consumer demand for cheese products could result in increased exposure of the population to this toxin, and thus the risk of foodborne botulism. The majority of cases of botulism caused by dairy products are related to cheese products specifically. Epidemic outbreaks and isolated cases have been reported over time. Domestically canned foods are still among the primary causes of the disease. Cheese products are not regularly involved in botulism incidents; it is however, necessary to take control measures for manufacturing and domestic preparation due to the high risk of occurrence of this particular disease. The aim of this review is to discuss foodborne botulism caused by cheese products, providing a brief epidemiological history, and to examine certain control measures that should be taken throughout the production process to better protect public health.

No abstract

respectively. OSA severity was evaluated through the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and the disease was characterized as severe if AHI values were 30 episodes/hour of sleep. Results: The 86.7% of the patients were obese, while 92.3%, 100% and 98.5% had elevated WC, WHR and WHtR, respectively. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between AHI and BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR (rho¼0.28, 0.49, 0.49 and 0.37, respectively, all P<0.05). Patients with severe OSA had significantly higher WC and WHR compared to those with mild or moderate disease (120.0±14.9 versus 111.5±12.4 cm, P¼0.05 and 0.99±0.09 versus 0.93±0.07, P¼0.02, respectively), while BMI and WHtR values did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions: Our findings confirm the involvement of obesity in OSA pathogenesis and suggest that WC and WHR may be better predictive markers for the disease severity compared to BMI.

Materials and methods: Following a market research in Greece, there were found 100 kinds of infant/toddler milk, 38 kinds of feta cheese (bulk sale) and 72 refrigerated milk. From these samples, 52 infant milk, 25 Feta cheese and 32 refrigerated milk were randomly selected. The determination of AFM1 was based on indirect immunoenzymatic ELISA method with the analytical packages Tecna (Italy) and Prognosis Biotech (Greece), for comparison purposes, strictly following the manufacturer's instructions. Results: The levels of AFM1, in all samples tested, were below the tolerable maximum level, while concentrations were very low (0.23-9.38 ng/l for infant formula, 0.54 to 4.09ng/l for cheese and 0.20-17.84ng/l for refrigerated milk). Comparing the two analytic packages, no statistically significant difference was found (p-value <0.001). Conclusions:Milk and dairy products, tested, marketed in Greece, are safe for consumption, regarding the AFM1. From a public health perspective, the results are satisfactory, given that the population exposure to AFM1, based on the nutrient profile of the Greeks, was limited.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract