Despite the numerous advantages of PDMS-based substrates in various biomedical applications, they are limited by their highly hydrophobic surface that does not optimally interact with cells for attachment and growth. Hence, the lack of lengthy and straightforward procedures for high-density cell production on the PDMS-based substrate is one of the significant challenges in cell production in the cell therapy field. In this study, we found that the PDMS substrate coated with a combination of polydopamine (PDA) and laminin-511 E8 fragments (PDA + LME8-coated PDMS) can support human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) attachment and growth for the long term and satisfy their demands of differentiation into cardiomyocytes (iCMs). Compared with prior studies, the density of hiPSCs and their adhesion time on the PDMS surface were increased during iCM production. Although the differentiated iCMs beat and produce mechanical forces, which disturb cellular attachments, the iCMs on the PDA + LME8-coated PDMS substrate showed dramatically better attachment than the control condition. Further, the substrate required less manipulation by enabling one-step seeding throughout the process in iCM formation from hiPSCs under animal-free conditions. In light of the results achieved, the PDA + LME8-coated PDMS substrate will be an up-and-coming tool for cardiomyocyte production for cell therapy and tissue engineering, microfluidics, and organ-on-chip platforms.
In this work, band gap, photoluminescence and biological properties of new bionanocomposites based on polyaniline (PANi)/hydrolyzed pectin (HPEc)/cadmium sulfide (CdS) QD nanoparticles (NPs) were studied. In order to improve the morphology and properties, CdS NPs were modified with epichlorohydrin to obtain the modified CdS (mCdS). The CdS@HPEc-g-PANi and mCdS@HPEc-g-PANi samples were synthesized via heterogeneous chemical polymerization and characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR, SEM/XRD, EDX/TEM/EDX-mapping and TGA analyses. The objective of this work is the study of physical, optical and cytotoxicity properties of the nanocomposites and comparison between them. The SEM, XRD and TGA images showed that the modification of NPs resulted in homogeneous morphology, increase of crystalline structure and high thermal stability which influenced on physical and biological property. According to UV-DRS analysis, the mCdS@HPEc-g-PANi indicated lower energy gap compared to the CdS@HPEc-g-PANi nancomposite. The presence of conductive polymer and synergy effect between the PANi and CdS caused higher PL intensity in the CdS@HPEc-g-PANi nanocomposite compared to pure CdS. The emission intensity in the mCdS@HPEc-g-PANi nanocomposite was reduced since the organic modifying agent cause reducing emission intensity. The mCdS@HPEc-g-PANi nanocomposite, due to more compatibility of organic agent with cellular walls of biological cells that help to the diffusion of metal CdS NPs into cell tissue indicated more toxicity effect on cell growth.
Herbal‐derived three‐dimensional scaffolds have a unique structure that represents the natural cellular microenvironment and can be potentially used for tissue engineering applications. In the present study, cabbage (Cb) leaves were decellularized and then their characteristics, such as surface roughness, wettability, porosity, mechanical properties, and specific surface area, were investigated. After that, scaffold osteoinductivity was studied by bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) osteogenic differentiation while growing on the decellularized Cb leaves. Cells mineralization, calcium secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression levels of bone‐related genes were determined during the differentiation process. Our results from the structural characterization of the scaffolds demonstrated that decellularized Cb leaves are good candidates for bone differentiation in terms of surface roughness, mechanical properties, and interconnected pores. Osteogenic differentiation evaluation of the BM‐MSCs determined that the cell's ALP activity and mineralization were increased significantly while cultured on the decellularized Cb leaves compared to the cells cultured on the culture plate as a control. Besides, Runx2, ALP, collagen‐1 (Col‐I), and osteocalcin genes were expressed in cells cultured on decellularized Cb leaves significantly higher than cells cultured on the culture plate. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the decellularized Cb scaffold has great potential for promoting BM‐MSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.
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