Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) encompass a wide array of ailments affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles of mastication, and the allied structural framework. Myofascial pain, internal derangement of the joint, and degenerative joint diseases constitute the majority of TMDs. TMDs usually have a multifactorial etiology, and treatment modalities range from conservative therapies to surgical interventions. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has evolved as an efficient non-invasive therapeutic modality in TMDs. Previously conducted systematic reviews and meta-analyses have shown variable results regarding the efficiency of LLLT in TMJ disorder patients. Hence, this systematic review was carried out as an attempt to evaluate the efficacy of LLLT in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder patients.

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A woman undergoes a series of physiological states such as puberty, pregnancy and menarche.A number of anatomical, physiological and hormonal changes occur in pregnancy which not only affects the maternal health but also the health of the child. Oral health is an integral part of overall general health and is often neglected due to lack of knowledge and awareness and an unfavourable attitude. It definitely has its impact upon the systemic health and everyone should be aware about the same. This further needs due consideration in a pregnant women as peculiar oral changes and their impact on the new born infant and pregnancy outcome have been discussed and documented with sufficient evidence. Much has been talked about common oral health issues during pregnancy like gingivitis, periodontitis, pyogenic granuloma etc and their management. Patient's education regarding the oral hygiene and abnormal pregnancy outcome (pre-term birth, low body weight birth) is extremely essential. These conditions may be prevented by appropriate monitoring of dental health in pregnancy and also by providing dental care in such patients. Patients should be referred to the dental health care provider for dental needs during the time of pregnancy. A collaboration of dental and medical health care givers must be made and is an effective channel to provide the best possible treatment and management of these patients. This article discusses the importance of oral health care during pregnancy and how an integration between the medical and dental health provider can go a long way to attend the oral health concerns during this time.

Hamartomas are tumor-like abnormalities typified by the presence of cellular proliferation indigenous to the native site. However, hamartomas maintain growth cessation without the potential for further growth or malignant transformation. Hamartomas are commonly seen in the lungs, kidney, liver, and spleen and rarely occur in the orofacial region. Various hamartomatous oral lesions include hemangiomas, lymphangiomas, tori, exostosis, dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, odontomas, nevi, and cherubism. Infantile hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors that emerge soon after birth and experience rapid growth within the first year. Oral hemangiomas affect up to 6.4% of infants and are more common on the ventral surface of the tongue, as opposed to oral vascular malformations, which are more prevalent on the lips. It also has a 3:1 female-to-male predominance. Afterward, their growth usually stabilizes and enters a prolonged, incomplete involution phase. Uncomplicated hemangiomas generally exhibit spontaneous resolution, whereas few can leave behind scars and telangiectasias on the external surface of the skin on which it occurs. Thus, lesions located in anatomically sensitive regions necessitate vigilant surveillance and treatment. This paper deals with an asymptomatic swelling of the upper lip in a four-year-old female child but with problems in aesthetics, speech, and feeding. A thorough history, clinical examination, positive diascopy, ultrasonography, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of infantile hemangioma.