Lithium ion batteries (LIB) are the domain power house that gratifies the growing energy needs of the modern society. Statistical records highlight the future demand of LIB for transportation and other high energy applications. Cathodes play a significant role in enhancement of electrochemical performance of a battery, especially in terms of energy density. Therefore, numerous innovative studies have been reported for the development of new cathode materials as well as improving the performance of existing ones. Literature designate stable cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI) is vital for safe and prolonged high performance of LIBs at different cycling conditions. Considering the context, many groups shed light on stabilizing the CEI with different strategies like surface coating, surface doping and electrolyte modulation. Local temperature variation across the globe is another major factor that influences the application and deployment of LIB chemistries. In this review, we discuss the importance of nano-scale engineering strategies on different class of cathode materials for their improved CEI and hence their low and high temperature performances. Based on the literature reviewed, the best nano-scale engineering strategies investigated for each cathode material have been identified and described. Finally, we discuss the advantages, limitations and future directions for enabling high performance cathode materials for a wide range of applications.
Synthesis of silver nano particles following green protocols is an emerging area of interest throughout the world, as it has multiple applications in different fields. Moreover the methods are non-toxic, sustainable, eco-friendly and economically viable ones. In the current work, that we have presented is an approach towards the development of zero cost and eco-friendly approach for the preparation of nanoparticles following the green route, using the leaf extract of Vitex negundo, a common medicinal plant in South India. The specific phenomenon of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) has been used for the depiction of the silver nano particles prepared. The silver nanoparticles created was characterized by using UV-Visible Spectroscopy and its performance towards the naked eye detection of several heavy metal ions was done. The larvicidal activity of silver nano particles were assessed as per the standards prescribed by WHO.
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