Diabetes is the most common endocrinal disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and long-term complications. Recently, the development of antidiabetic drugs have focused on natural products with various mechanisms such as the inhibition of α-amylase. White turmeric (Curcuma mangga Val) from Zingeb eraceae family has been reported to have antidiabetic activities, thus the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of C. mangga extracts and fractions as antioxidant and antidiabetic agents through scavenging activities and inhibition of α-amylase. In this study, the antidiabetic activities of four fractions of C. mangga extracts (water, hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol), a C. mangga extract and butylated hydroxytoluene/antioxidant standard were measured using α-amylase activity assay, while the antioxidant activities of the fractions were measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. These fractions were also compared to an antidiabetic drug, acarbose, as a control and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a synthetic antioxidant. For the antioxidant assay, the butanol fraction of C. mangga (BCM) showed the highest ABTS-reducing activity (IC50=24.23 ±2.77 μg/mL), while with the DPPH assay, the ethyl acetate fraction (EACM) had the highest activity (IC 50 =83.95±2.89 μg/mL) as compared to the other fractions and C. mangga extract, but the activities were lower than that of BHT. For the antidiabetic assay, C. mangga extract (CME) had the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50=363.67 µg/mL) among other fractions, although lower than acarbose. Curcuma mangga fractions (BCM and EACM) had antioxidant activities, while C. mangga extract (CME) had a potential as an antidiabetic by in vitro studies. Further in vivo studies is needed to confirm these findings.
Background: With the increase of diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence, natural product emerged as complementary source on the development of new drug for this disease. White saffron (Curcuma mangga Val.) is a widely available plant found in Indonesia which often used traditionally as medicine for various ailment. Unfortunately scientific evidence of its antidiabetic activity has not been described very well. Present study was trying to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of white saffron based on the change of lipid accumulation.Materials and Methods: Cells viability assay was done using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) reagent to determine the safe concentrations of C. mangga Val. extract and its fractions including hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol, water fractions and curcumol for the further assay. The preadipocyte cells (3T3-L1) were grown and differentiated into adipocyte cells using 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), dexamethasone and insulin. The adipocyte cells were treated with C. mangga Val. extract (CME) (the safest fraction at all concentrations) for 24 h. Oil red O staining was used to measure the lipid accumulation in adipocyte cells.Results: The CME was not toxic and able to decrease the lipid droplets of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells.Conclusion: The CME has potential antidiabetic activity due to ability to decrease the lipid droplet without disturbing the viability of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells.Keywords: white saffron, Curcuma mangga Val., antidiabetic
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