ABSTRAKPenyakit hawar daun Phytophthora yang disebabkan oleh Phytophthora palmivora merupakan salah satu kendala di pembibitan kakao di Indonesia. Pengendalian penyakit ini umumnya menggunakan fungisida sintetik, namun dampak negatif dari penggunaan fungisida sintetik ini mulai dirasakan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan menguji kemampuan dua isolat Trichoderma asperellum (ARBT-1 dan ART-4) menekan perkembangan penyakit hawar daun tersebut. Kedua isolat diaplikasikan melalui perlakuan benih dengan konsentrasi spora 10 4 mL -1 , 10 5 mL -1 dan 10 6 mL -1 . Intensitas penyakit dengan perlakuan konsentrasi spora tersebut berturut-turut adalah 39.0%, 23.6%, dan 21.8% untuk isolat ARBT-1 dan 30.6%, 25.7%, dan 30.8% untuk isolat ART-4, sedangkan pada perlakuan kontrol mencapai 90.3% pada 21 hari setelah inokulasi dengan patogen. Pengamatan jaringan daun setelah perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa kedua isolat T. asperellum ditemukan di dalam jaringan, menandakan sifatnya sebagai cendawan endofit.Kata kunci: cendawan antagonis, pembibitan, perlakuan benih ABSTRACT Phytophthora leaf blight caused by Phytophthora palmivora is one constraint in cacao seedling in Indonesia. Generally, synthetic fungicides were applied to control this disease but its negative impact is becoming obvious recently. Research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of two Trichoderma asperellum isolates, ARBT-1 and ART-4, to suppress disease development. The two isolates were applied through seed treatment with spore concentrations of 10 4 mL -1 , 10 5 mL -1 , and 10 6 mL -1 . The results showed that disease incidence on seedling treated with different spore concentrations of ARBT-1 was 39.0%, 23.6%, and 21.8%, respectively and those with ART-4 was 30.6%, 25.7%, and 30.8%, respectively, whereas disease incidence reached 90.3% for control at 21 days after inoculation of the pathogen. Observations on cocoa leaf tissues showed that the two isolates were found in leaf tissue, indicating that T. asperellum is an endophyte.
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