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This article presents the results of the influence of zeolites as feed additives on the chemical, biochemical and histological profile of fish. Research was conducted for 63 days using a rainbow trout from Turgen village (Kazakhstan). The studied material was zeolitic tuff from the Chankanay deposit as an additive to RGM-2M feed. The fish were fed with a normal diet, and the diet supplemented with 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% of natural zeolites. Pathomorphological and histological examinations of muscle tissues and internal organs of the rainbow trout were carried out. Additionally, lipid contents, FAs compositions and amino acid compositions were studied. The content of essential amino acids and proportion of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids in the experimental group was higher than in the control group. Zeolite supplementation at the 4% inclusion level showed a high content of the amino acids. The results of this study confirmed that zeolites had a positive effect on the chemical, amino acid and fatty acid composition. The addition of natural zeolites to the feed does not cause pathological changes in the liver, muscles and other organs of the experimental fish, and no other negative effects were determined.

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This paper is the first study of the prevalence of leptospirosis in the cattle at slaughter from a rural area of Kazakhstan. Five hundred and seventy three samples of serum, urine, and kidneys from cattle of Alatau, Kazakh white and Auliyekol breed, aged from 2 to 5 years (unknown vaccination status), from the province of Almaty in the South-Eastern region were collected during four years (March 2010 to October 2013). The serological, bacteriological, and molecular analyses were performed. Serum samples were tested with 14 reference Leptospira serovars by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). MAT results showed that 89 (15.53%) serum samples had detectable antibodies against seven serovars of L. interrogans at a dilution of ≥1:100. Serovars: Pomona (38.2%), Tarassovi (27.2%), and Kabula (18.8%) were the most prevalent and their titres ranged from 100 to 1200. The spirochetes were detected in 11 samples of urine and nine samples of kidneys under dark-field microscope observation. The pure cultures were obtained from three samples. PCR technique confirmed leptospirosis in 23 out of 89 urine samples from cows, which showed the presence of leptospiral antibodies in microagglutination test. The high disease prevalence in cows indicates the high Leptospira contamination in this area. It was concluded that the bovine leptospirosis is an endemic and locally widespread disease in Kazakhstan, and that it may play a role in zoonotic transmission to humans.