An environmental management plan (EMP) can reduce the impact of construction projects on the environment. While there is an increasing trend to promote sustainability, effective EMP implementation in Malaysia is limited. In this study, we aim to investigate the challenges for implementing EMP at construction sites in Malaysia, identify the main issues among those challenges, and determine the interrelationships between the main challenges. We identified 30 potential challenges for implementing EMP through a systematic literature review of 41 papers and semi-structured interviews with 20 construction industry professionals. Subsequently, a survey was used to solicit opinions on the challenges. The collected data were analyzed using mean score, standard deviation, normalization, factor analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results illustrate that 21 main challenges exist for implementing EMP in Malaysia. From these, eight main challenges can be grouped into two major components: people- and project-related challenges. ANOVA test results suggest different perceptions of the challenges between project owners, contractors, and consultants. The theoretical implications of this study include a profound understanding of the challenges in implementing EMP at construction sites in Malaysia and their underlying relations.
Erosion, and sedimentation can have a significant impact on the environment. Therefore, the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan (ESCP) is necessary to reduce those processes' adverse effects. Even though implementing ESCP is compulsory, we still have implementation issues in practice. This study aims to investigate the causal factors that are affecting ESCP implementation in Malaysia. To achieve that objective, data are collected through individual interviews with industry practitioners related to ESCP implementation. Then, the data are analyzed using thematic analysis. The challenges for implementing ESCP can be divided into two (2) internal and external challenges. Internal challenges consist of lack of competency, lack of knowledge, communication, attitude, awareness, planning, design, installation, and maintenance. In contrast, external challenges include management, financial, enforcement, and communication medium. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by providing insights into ESCP implementation, which could help develop policies and strategies to tackle the challenges. The findings of this research will help both researchers and practitioners to develop strategies that contribute to the sustainability of earth resources by reducing detachment of a portion of soil profiles from soil surfaces into soil particles (i.e., erosion); and transportation and deposition of soil particles (i.e., sedimentation) in construction projects.
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