The study examines the impact of board and audit committee on the disclosure of Islamic financial and social reporting (IFSR) among Islamic banks in Malaysia. Drawing on surveys this study seeks the views of accountants working in Islamic banks regarding the importance of items in the IFSR index developed by Marsidi et al. (2016). The annual reports are thereafter used to examine the score of the IFSR for the Islamic banks as well as to collect the data for the related variables. The multivariate regression findings suggest that board size is a significant factor in explaining the IFSR at Islamic banks in Malaysia. Such finding indicates that the size of board, which is represented by the number of directors who sit on the board of directors, is a crucial governance mechanism in achieving the aims of Islamic banks. The result also meets the role of corporate governance from the perspective of Islamic agency theory. The results of the study should not be generalised to year's prior, or after, the years of examination. The finding is perceived as contributing towards the suitable formation of board of directors specifically in terms of the total number of directors with respect to the financial, governance and social disclosures at Islamic banks. The study uses the Islamic agency theory to explain the governance practices and IFSR disclosures within the context of Malaysian Islamic banks. As such, the paper contributes towards the development and sustainability of Islamic banks both in Malaysia and throughout the globe.

The study examines the views of accountants concerning the importance of items in the developed index for Islamic Financial and SocialReporting (IFSR)as well as measures and discusses the level of weighted IFSR for Islamic banks based on the IFSR index developed for Malaysian Islamic banks.The research uses the questionnaires and the annual reports to collect the relevant data with respect to the views of accountants and IFSR score of Islamic banks respectively. The findings suggest that the financial part, and the auditing and governance part in the index of IFSR are important and close to important, respectively, while the social part is viewed as fairly important. Moreover, the other finding reflects that the weighted IFSR for Islamic banks in Malaysia is considered as fair.The findings with respect to the level of weighted IFSR disclosure may not be generalised to the years prior and after the examination period. The research provides empirical insights on the importance of items in the IFSR index and the weighted level of IFSR practices among Malaysian Islamic banks.The paper highlights the importance of items in the IFSR index as well as IFSR disclosure in enhancing the accountability and sustainability of Islamic banks.

The study proposes and discusses the development of an index of Islamic Financial and Social Reporting (IFSR) for Islamic banks. The index of IFSR is carefully developed based on the relevant and applicable standards, guidelines and literature from an Islamic perspective such as the Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB), Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI), Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB), Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) and Islamic social reporting literature. The index is developed in three parts, namely, financial, social, and auditing and governance. The items within the finance section are developed to ensure that the Islamic banks disclose relevant financial information. The items for the social part aim to ensure that the Islamic banks provide the relevant information regarding social and environment. The items within the auditing and governance part are developed to ensure that the Islamic banks provide relevant information regarding the monitoring and supervising activities that the Islamic banks have undertaken. The IFSR index may be lacking in terms of its usage generalisability as it is specifically developed for IFIs. The developed index of IFSR aims to promote a more appropriate level of disclosure among the Islamic banks. The need for the index is motivated by the growing importance of Islamic banks, not only from the economic perspective but also from the social perspective.

The concept of overconfidence is well understood in the financial market and corporate decision as individual investors and managers of large corporations prone to overconfident bias. This paper is the first to conceptualize overconfidence bias in working capital management and performance of Small and medium enterprises by employing qualitative case study inquiry to gain insight and SME managers overconfident behavior. This paper argues that overconfidence bias can distort working capital investment with the possibility of overinvestment working capital inventory if SME managers have enough internal equity in anticipation of higher performance.

The concept of financial constraint have a great influence on company decision and capital market entrance as shareholders and directors recognised its negative implication on firm performance. This paper is the first to conceptualize the theoretical influence of financial constraints (FC) on working capital investment (WCI) and corporate performance through firm internal resources and managerial competency by employing a qualitative approach from a theoretical disposition which has been meagerly demonstrated in the literature. Specifically, bearing in mind the rising unpredictability and issues in the credit and capital markets that has been noticed for numbers of years and the similar intensification in regulatory capital about acquiring external financing, the attention of the firm's gradually shifted to its internal liquidity generated from enterprise operation on the basis of working capital (WC). This study argues that business internal resources through managerial skill and internal capital can to enhance WCI in a financially constrained situation thereby reduces the agency cost and asymmetric information and increases performance. Hence, we conclude that internal funds is suitable to finance WCI in a constrained situation for managers to avoid overinvest or underinvest in working capital asset by controlling for financial constraints. Further review are expected to determine WCI-performance relationship using some vital accounting ratios largely generated from annual reports and accounts.