This study deals with using nano-SiO2 to enhance the characteristics of PVA for food packing applications. Thin-film of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/nano-silica (nano-SiO2) was prepared by adding different weights of silica (0, 5, 7, 9) wt. %. Differential scanning calorimetry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), FTIR, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus, elongation at break, and micro-hardness used to examine the characteristics of PVA/nano-SiO2 films. The results revealed a dramatic improvement in the PVA/nano-SiO2 mechanical properties, increasing nano-SiO2 content to 7 wt %, the value of tensile strength increasing from 62 MPa to 143 MPa. While increasing SiO2 content to 9 wt.%, the tensile strength decreased to 65 MPa. The study also showed that the value of elongation at break and modulus of elasticity of film increment with increases in the nano-SiO2 content. There was also an increase in the crystallinity from 0.97 (for pure PVA) to 1.154 at 7wt. % nano-SiO2. Crystallinity, however, decreased to 0.012 with the increase of SiO2 to 9 wt. %. FTIR results revealed that there was physical interaction between nano-SiO2 and PVA. AFM result showed less roughness at 7wt. % from nano-SiO2. Generally, the results showed that the concentration of 7% of the nano –SiO2 in thin films resulted in a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the films. These findings suggest that nano-SiO2 can be useful as food packaging material to maintain food quality.
Polyether ether ketone and which combined with carbon fiber by 20% and 30% as reinforcement which purchased from a company Tangyin Sanyou Engineering Plastic Co. Itd/China. the degree of crystallization An significant role in semi-crystalline thermoplastics is played by (e.g. toughness, stiffness and solvent resistance). Primary aim of this work is to use density, DSC and FTIR to Research into the various induced degrees of crystallinity in PEEK composites Strengthened with carbon fiber (CF). In this research, three sheets were used: virgin poly ether ether ketone (PEEK), (PEEK+20 percent carbon fiber), and (PEEK+30 percent carbon fiber). the samples’ mechanical and thermal properties produced ones were examined and compared in this study. The density test findings displayed a rise in crystallinity levels by (35.9, 54.4, 88.2) respectively, But a decrease in the degree of crystallinity when examining by DSC. The mechanical properties such as Tensile strength, Young’s module and impact strength It showed an improvement in properties with an increase in the percentage of reinforcement with CF. In addition, FTIR for pure PEEK, (PEEK+ 20 percent CF) and (PEEK+30 percent CF) is found to induce minor shafting in peaks by adding 30 percent of carbon fibers and does not cause new peaks to appear and this suggests that there is no chemical reaction between the fibers and the PEEK matrix.
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