Background The use of bioinoculants based on plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to promote plant growth under biotic and abiotic stresses is in full expansion. To our knowledge much work has not been, thus far, done on seed-biopriming of durum wheat for tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present work, we report detailed account of the effectiveness a potent bacterial strain with proven plant growth-promoting ability and antimicrobial activity. The isolate was selected following screening of several bacterial strains isolated from halophytes that grow in a coastal saline soil in Tunisia for their role in enhancing durum wheat tolerance to both salinity stress and head blight disease.Results Accordingly, Bacillus strains MA9, MA14, MA17 and MA19 were found to have PGPB characteristics as they produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores and lytic enzymes, fixed free atmospheric nitrogen, and solubilized inorganic phosphate, in vitro . The in vivo study that involved in planta inoculation assays under control (25 mM NaCl) and stress (125 mM NaCl) conditions indicated that all PGPB strains significantly ( P < 0.05) increased the total plant length, dry weight, root area, seed weight, nitrogen, protein and total mineral content. On the other hand, strain MA17 reduced Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) disease incidence in wheat explants by 64.5%, showing that the strain has antifungal activity as was also displayed by in vitro inhibition study.Conclusions Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that MA9, MA14 MA9, MA14, MA17 and MA19 strains were able to play the PGPB role. Yet, biopriming with Bacillus strain MA17 offered the highest bioprotection against FHB, plant growth promotion, and salinity tolerance. Hence, the MA17 strain should further be evaluated under field condition and formulated for commercial production. Besides, the strain could further be evaluated for its potential role in bioprotection and growth promotion of other crop plants. We believe, the strain has potential to significantly contribute to wheat production in the arid and semi-arid region, especially the salt affected Middle Eastern Region, besides its potential role in improving wheat production under biotic and abiotic stresses in other parts of the world.
Based on a finding made by farmers who noticed a good growth and a reduced incidence of phytopathogenic infections of wheat grown between the rows of olive trees, we have screened diazotrophic endophytic PGPB associated with olive tree for plant stress tolerance improving capability. Strains were selected following a biochemical characterization of plant growth promotion activities such as ability of antimicrobial production, azote fixation,… Among the selected strains, BCLRB2 was the strain that shown the most efficient capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen, which is the most prominent factor of all plant growth parameters under stressful environments. The strain BCLRB2, identified as Bacillus sp, had ACC deaminase, and highly stimulatory effect in vitro associated with high production of hydrolytic enzymes, AIA, and solubilization of tricalcium phosphate. The efficiency of BCLRB2 strain was explored for in vivo pot plant growth. As a result, inoculated plants with Bacillus sp. BCLRB2, showed the best growth of durum wheat seedlings compared to a control under salt stress and natural conditions. Total length, fresh weight, and total dry weight were significantly higher in inoculated plants compared to uninoculated ones.
The rapid development of aquaculture, its intensification, and the occurrence of fish health problems on farms push to develop alternative methods to antibiotics and chemotherapy for controlling fish diseases. Probiotics may provide a potential alternative method to protect fish from opportunistic and pathologic bacteria and promote a balanced environment. In this work, we have assessed the in vitro probiotic properties of twenty one bacteria from aquatic and fish origin, for their application in aquaculture. Selection was based on their antimicrobial activity (Bacteriocin) against fish pathogens and their in vitro safety assessment. This includes the evaluation of their haemolytic, proteolytic and mucinolytic activities, bile salt deconjugation ability and antibiotic susceptibility. Twelve of the twenty one bacteria isolated from several showed strong antibacterial activity against several pathogenic species such as Lactococcus garvieae, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio harveyi, Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas salmonicida, and were taxonomically identified by partial 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The cell-free culture supernatants from cultures of these twelve strains were treated with proteinase K (10 mg/ml; 37ºC, 1h) and submitted to heat treatment (100ºC, 10 min), which showed that eleven strains exert extracellular antimicrobial activity against fish pathogens due to the production and secretion of thermo-stable antimicrobial peptides (i.e., Bacteriocins). The tested strains showed a great heterogeneity respect to their safety and antibiotic susceptibility.
A number of newly isolated halophilic microorganisms were screened for protease production. A bacterium designated as strain SBJ9 showed an important enzyme production at high salt concentrations and was then retained. The 16S DNA identification put this strain in the genus of Salicola with two reference species only. Protease production was higher at salinities ranging from 150 to 200 g/l (3.2 M) NaCl, when monitored at 35 °C and pH 7. The protease activity was optimal at 2.5 M NaCl, 40°C and pH 8, with high stability at wide ranges of salinity (1-5 M NaCl), temperatures (20-70 °C) and pH values (5-11). It was slightly improved by 5 mM CaCl 2 and totally inhibited by PMSF which indicated the dominance of serine proteases. Besides, it was perfectly stable in the presence of many detergent additives and organic solvents at high concentrations. These important features make Salicola sp. strain SBJ9 protease activity a good candidate for many industrial applications such as detergency and organic synthesis.
The present study was conducted to isolate and identify PGPB associated with two halophyte plants from coastal saline site. These strains were tested for improved crop productivity under salinity conditions. Four strains namely MA9, MA14, MA17 and MA19 were selected The PGPB-inoculated plants were relatively healthy and hydrated, whereas the uninoculated plant leaves were desiccated in the presence of 125 mM NaCl. The percentage of water content (PWC) in the plant was also significantly higher in inoculated plants compared to uninoculated ones. Under greenhouse experiments, our data revealed that experiments using seed biopriming on non-sterile soil supplemented with NaCl permitted to identify the most efficient isolates which offered the best vegetable criteria by significantly increasing root and shoot length, root and shoot dry weights, area of the root system and thousand seed mass in plant growth trials. The benefic effect of seed biopriming was more pronounced in soil samples added with NaCl than that of untreated soil. Seed biopriming by efficient PGPB strains induced salinity tolerance of wheat and therefore enhanced their productivity under salinity.
Worldwide salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stresses limiting crop growth and productivity.Further salt-affected area in Tunisia is fast escalating due to intrusion of saline water on arable land and use of chemicals compounds. To overcome these agricultural problems, the aim of this study is the selection of bacterial strains from saline soil sites for their capacity of promoting growth plants under stressful conditions after a seed biopriming approach.Differents biochemical parameters of plant growth were analyzed such as bacterial growth under 100 and 150 mM, phosphate solubilization, ACC metabolic pathway, AIA secretion, siderophores, HCN, antimicrobials compounds,… Four strains within fifty were selected for their high ability to produce many growth factors under stressful conditions (150mM) and promote seed germination of Tunisian var. durum wheat. Moreover, seed biopriming with strain MA13 had the highest ability of seed germination after 2 days of incubation at room temperature under obscurity light.
Background and aim: Improved crop productivity under stressful conditions is a major asset of global agriculture. Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stresses limiting crop yield. Further, a saltaffected area in Tunisia is fast escalating due to intrusion of saline water on arable land and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Moreover, climate change scenarios showed the increased risk of salinization at different latitudes. Therefore, a great effort is required for maintaining crop production under limiting factors. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify PGPB associated with the halophyte Salicornia brachiata from the coastal saline sites and evaluation their bacterization effect of durum wheat seeds with "Biopriming" technology. Methods:The selection parameters of PGPB strains were based on the ability to promote the growth of plants under stressful conditions. On the other hand, the effect of selected isolates on germination of durum wheat (Triticum durum) was assessed in vivo conditions. The treatment with bacteria was applied on purified and combined strain under 25 and 125 mM NaCl.Results: A total of 22 isolates were selected in-vitro for studying their plant growth-promoting (PGPB) ability including, tolerance with salt concentration, ACC deaminase activity, N 2 fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), out of which, three strains (MA9, MA32, and SA62) were selected. Our data revealed that experiments using treated with NaCl and bioprimed seed permitted us to identify the most efficient isolates in a combined culture which offered the best rate of germination and the highly vegetable growth of explants (roots and shoots). In fact, the benefic effect of seed biopriming was more pronounced in samples added with NaCl than that of untreated samples. Conclusion:Seed biopriming with efficient PGPB strains induced salinity tolerance of wheat and therefore enhanced their rate of germination and growth of explants under salinity.
Background There is growing interest in the use of bioinoculants based on plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) to promote plant growth under biotic and abiotic stresses. To our knowledge much work has not been, thus far, done on seedbiopriming of durum wheat for tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present work, we report detailed account of the effectiveness a potent bacterial strain with proven plant growth-promoting ability and antimicrobial activity. The isolate was selected following screening of several bacterial strains isolated from halophytes that grow in a coastal saline soil in Tunisia for their role in enhancing durum wheat tolerance to both salinity stress and head blight disease. Results Accordingly, Bacillus strains MA9, MA14, MA17 and MA19 were found to have PGPB characteristics as they produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores and lytic enzymes, fixed free atmospheric nitrogen, and solubilized inorganic phosphate, in vitro. The in vivo study that involved in planta inoculation assays under control (25 mM NaCl) and stress (125 mM NaCl) conditions indicated that all PGPB strains significantly (P < 0.05) increased the total plant length, dry weight, root area, seed weight, nitrogen, protein and total mineral content. On the other hand, strain MA17 reduced Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) disease incidence in wheat explants by 64.5%, showing that the strain has antifungal activity as was also displayed by in vitro inhibition study. Conclusions Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that MA9, MA14 MA9, MA14, MA17 and MA19 strains were able to play the PGPB role. Yet, biopriming with Bacillus strain MA17 offered the highest bioprotection against FHB, plant growth promotion, and salinity tolerance. Hence, the MA17 strain should further be evaluated under field condition and formulated for commercial production.Besides, the strain could further be evaluated for its potential role in bioprotection and growth promotion of other crop plants. We believe, the strain has potential to significantly contribute to wheat production in the arid and semi-arid region, especially the salt affected Middle Eastern Region, besides its potential role in improving wheat production under biotic and abiotic stresses in other parts of the world. BackgroundBiotic and abiotic stresses have been reported to severely limit crop growth and yield [1]. Salinity is 4 one of the most important abiotic stress factors affecting crop production. Several studies reported that climate change could potentially increase risk of salinization at different latitudes. In Tunisia, saltaffected areas are fast escalating ( Fig. S1[2]) due to intensive exploitation by drainage and irrigation [2], intrusion of saline water into arable lands and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.To reduce the toxic effects of salt (NaCl) stress on plants, different tools have been developed such as plant genetic engineering [3], osmopriming with different chemical factors such as aerated solution of ascorbate, salicylic acid, kinetin and CaCl ...
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