Benzimidazoles derivatives represent a class of heterocyclic compounds that exhibit a wide range of pharmaceutical properties. The present study aimed to investigate the in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of newly synthesized benzimidazoles derivatives. Compound 1b, (2-(1H-1,3-benzodiazol-2-yl) phenol) was synthesized by reacting ophenylenediamine (OPA) with chemical salicylaldehyde, while compound 2b, (2-(2-[(1E)-2phenylethenyl]-1H-1,3-benzodiazole) and 3b, (2-[(1E)-2,6-dimethylhepta-1,5-dien-1-yl]-1H-1,3benzodiazole) were obtained through hemi-synthesis process of respectively the cinnamon (cinnamaldehyde, 90.54%), and lemongrass (cis-citral, 43.9%) essential oils previously characterized by GCMS. Compounds 4b, (2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) and 5b, (5-(1H-benzimidazol-2yl)benzene-1,2,3-triol) were synthesized with click chemistry method by reacting the OPA with Benzoic acid and gallic acid directly in ethanol under microwave irradiation MW 400 MHz. The structure/purity of the synthesized compounds was clarified by spectroscopy ATR-FTIR and NMR 1 H. Compounds 1b-5b were screened for their antioxidant activity by using four complementary invitro assays: DPPH scavenging activity, ferric ion reducing power, β-carotene bleaching inhibition, and TBARS formation inhibition. All the tested compounds showed antioxidant potential with different performances. Antimicrobial activity was investigated against ATCC strains (three Grambacteria: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one Gram+ bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, and one yeast stain Candida albicans) through the determination of MIC and MBC by using the microdilution method and rapid colorimetric test of p-iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT). Compound 5b exhibited the highest potential especially against S. aureus (MIC = 0.156 mg•mL −1) followed S. typhi and C. albicans (MIC = 0.3125 mg•mL −1), then E.coli and P. aeruginosa. Compound 1b also showed a great potential against S. aureus and C. albicans (MIC ˂ 0.3125 mg•mL −1), followed by E.coli and S. typhi (MIC = 0.3125 mg•mL −1), and P. aeruginosa (MIC = 0.625 mg•mL −1). A further molecular docking was proceeded using AutoDock Vina software on S. aureus thymidylate kinase TMK-protein to highlight the structure-activity relationship of the potent molecules.
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