Few studies have focused on dose-response analyses of multi-strain probiotics in the general adult population. This study aimed at comparing how a low-and high-dose of a multi-strain probiotic supplement (containing Lactobacillus helveticus R0052, Lactobacillus rhamnosus R0011, Lactobacillus casei R0215, Pediococcus acidilactici R1001, Bifidobacterium breve R0070, Bifidobacterium longum ssp. longum BB536, Lactobacillus plantarum R1012, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis R1058) affected microbiota composition, transit persistence and safety in adults. After a 7-d baseline, participants were randomized to receive capsules containing 5 or 25 billion CFU, or placebo daily for 28 days, followed by a 7-d washout. Digestive health and general wellness were assessed. Fecal microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and strain persistence, by qPCR. Participants' gastrointestinal and general wellbeing were unaffected. No adverse events were associated with either dose. Supplemented strains contributed to the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera detected in stool, with 0.40 ± 0.11% and 0.51 ± 0.26%, respectively, in the high-dose group. Strain-specific qPCR assays revealed variable levels of post-intervention persistence between strains. Sequencing and composition analyses using the 16S V4 region revealed a decrease in Holdemania and increase in Bacteroidales. The formulation was well tolerated in this sample of the general adult population, even at the higher dose. The strains appear to have influenced microbiota composition minimally, as expected in the absence of dysbiosis, and consistently with the dose administered. Overall, the results provide a rationale to study the effects this formulation on microbiota composition in individuals exhibiting dysbiosis associated with metabolic disorders or obesity.
Objective To determine if fermented soy supplementation relieves heartburn and improves gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life, a randomized, double-blind parallel study was conducted with adults experiencing mild or moderate heartburn. Participants consumed up to 3, 1 g sachets of flavored, Lactobacillus delbrueckii fermented with soy flour (n = 23) or placebo (maltodextrin) (n = 27) sachets per heartburn incident as needed for 3 weeks. Symptom intensity at 5, 15, and 30 min post-administration was assessed using a Likert-like scale. The Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (GSRS) and Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (GERD-QOL) were administered at baseline, post-intervention and following a 1-week washout. Results No significant differences between groups were seen for heartburn severity or frequency, GSRS syndromes, or GERD-QOL domains. However, individual QOL items related to inconvenience of taking medications, fear of eating, inability to concentrate at work, and disturbance of after-meal activities and rest improved with fermented soy compared to placebo. Frequency of heartburn, diarrhea, and bloating improved during washout vs. baseline for the fermented soy group compared to placebo. Lactobacillus delbrueckii fermented soy supplementation improved QOL indicators and may decrease heartburn occurrence over time vs. an acute effect; efficacy of daily intake and longer duration requires investigation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-020-05205-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Objectives The objective was to determine the effects of pea hull fiber intake on serum uremic molecules and microbiota composition of individuals undergoing hemodialysis. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-control, crossover study was conducted with individuals undergoing hemodialysis. Following a 1-week baseline, participants consumed muffins with added pea hull fiber (15 g/d) and control muffins daily for 4 weeks in random order, separated by a 4-week washout. Blood and stool samples were collected during each period. Serum p-cresol sulfate (PCS), indoxyl sulfate (IS) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) were analyzed by LC–MS/MS and fecal microbiome profile by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. qPCR for taxa of interest (Akkermansia muciniphila, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium, and Roseburia) was performed. QIIME 2 sample-classifier was used to discover a unique microbiota profile due to the consumption of pea hull fiber. Results Of the 18 participants randomized (50 ± 4 y; eGFR 6.6 ± 0.7 ml/min/1.73m2), 13 completed the study. No significant changes from baseline were observed in serum PCS (3256 ± 505 μmol/L), IS (166 ± 23 μmol/L) or TMAO (96 ± 12 μmol/L), or for the relative quantification of A. muciniphila, F. prausnitzii, Bifidobacterium, and Roseburia, taxa thought to be health enhancing. Taxa that most distinguished the microbiota composition during the pea hull fiber intervention from usual diet periods were enriched Gemmiger, Collinsella and depleted Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus and Mogibacteriaceae. Given that abundance of Collinsella has been inversely associated with dietary fiber, this finding was unexpected. Conclusions In dialysis patients, added pea hull fiber did not reduce the serum levels of targeted uremic molecules but did alter fecal microbiota composition. Future research in this patient population should explore the efficacy of alternate fiber sources or plant-based dietary patterns for reducing serum levels of uremic toxins. Funding Sources Saskatchewan Pulse Growers.
This is the spanish version of FSHN 18-9/FS312: Salt: Shoud I Cut Back? La sal alimentaria está compuesta de sodio y cloruro, dos minerales esenciales necesarios para una buena salud. El sodio es muy importante para nuestro cuerpo para mantener el equilibrio de líquidos, el volumen de sangre y la presión arterial. Sin embargo, muchas personas consumen más sodio en la dieta (de la sal) que lo que se necesita. La disminución de sodio en la dieta ha recibido mucha atención en los últimos años debido a la asociación del alto consumo de sodio en la dieta con hipertensión (presión arterial alta) y enfermedad cardiovascular. Esta publicación explora los efectos en la salud de la ingesta excesiva de sodio y las formas de disminuir la ingesta de este mineral.
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