No abstract

No abstract

Image captioning task is highly used in many realworld applications. The captioning task is concerned with understanding the image using computer vision methods. Then, natural language processing methods are used to produce a description for the image. Different approaches were proposed to solve this task, and deep learning attention-based models have been proven to be the state-of-the-art. A survey on attentionbased models for image captioning is presented in this paper including new categories that were not included in other survey papers. The attention-based approaches are classified into four main categories, further classified into subcategories. All categories and subcategories of the attention-based approaches are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the state-of-the-art approaches are compared and the accuracy improvements are stated especially in the transformer-based models, and a summary of the benchmark datasets and the main performance metrics is presented.

No abstract