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Background and Aim Recently, a myokine called irisin has been discovered that affects glucose level, obesity, metabolism and glucose homeostasis by browning of white adipose tissue and heat production. This study aims to evaluate the effect of four weeks of ginger supplementation followed by acute eccentric and concentric training on irisin and insulin levels, insulin resistance index, and lipid profile of young women with obesity. Methods & Materials This is a randomized clinical trial. Participants were 50 young women (BMI >30 kg/m2, age: 24.86±2.87 years, height: 159.66±4.20 cm, and weight: 87.42±4.61 kg). After measuring their maximum oxygen consumption, they were randomly divided into five groups, two groups of supplementation, two groups of placebo, and one control group. The training protocol consisted of two sessions of acute eccentric and concentric activity. The supplementation groups consumed 2 g of ginger powder daily for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after each activity. Data were analyzed using dependent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Ethical Considerations This study was registered by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Code: IRCT201104246178N1) and was approved by the ethics committee of Ilam University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MEDILAM.REC.1395.192). Results The irisin and insulin levels between increased and the glucose level decreased significantly in the supplementation groups (P<0.05). The change in insulin resistance index was not significantly different among the study groups (P>0.05). Based on the results of one-way ANOVA, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels decreased significantly (P<0.05), but the high-density lipoprotein level showed no significant difference (P<0.05). The total cholesterol level was not significantly different in terms of exercise type (P> 0.05) but was significantly different in terms of supplementation type (P<0.05). Conclusion Long-term consumption of ginger along with regular exercise can be an effective method for lowering glucose level and causing favorable changes in irisin level, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in young women with obesity.

Background & Objective: Overweight people are more vulnerable to developing fatty liver disease, moreover; they are more likely to have increased serum liver enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase than others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in liver enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase after doing exhaustive aerobic and anaerobic exercises in active overweight male students. Materials & Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 45 overweight male students were randomly divided into aerobic (n=15), anaerobic (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. In aerobic group: first, a study was performed on the Astrand aerobic test (including running on a barrel at speeds of 5 to 8 miles per hour with a gradient of 3 minutes, and after 3 minutes, every 2 minutes, a steep gradient of 2.5%, a constant speed, and a fatigue), the subjects of the anaerobic group performed the Rast anaerobic test (including 6 fastpaced repetitions at 35 meters distance and maximum severity, with a rest interval of 10 seconds in each repetition). The control group was without any intervention. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The results indicated a noteworthy increase in ALP and LDH values of the three groups in the aerobic and anaerobic exercise groups (P=0.3, P=0.6). However, although AST and ALT were increased by aerobic and anaerobic exercise, there was no significant difference between the three groups (P=0.02) (P=0.01). Conclusion: There was an evident increase in the serum levels of ALP, AST, ALT and LDH as an indicator of liver damage in overweight people, which are more vulnerable to fatty liver disease. Therefore, according to the achieved results, aerobic exhausting exercise could be a more appropriate exercise for the overweight.

Background: The countries should be economically developed in today’s world. By reviewing the literature, a healthy and efficient workforce is a key factor in economic development, which indicates the effectiveness of the health sector in countries. Efficient information systems should be used to achieve efficiency, effectiveness, productivity, service quality, and customer satisfaction. The present study aimed to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the efficiency of hospital information systems. Materials and Methods: Interviews and questionnaires are collaboratively used in this study to identify the factors affecting the productivity of hospital information systems. A total of 22 hospital information systems specialists (IT and system support experts) were selected based on the purposive sampling method. In the present study, experts' views on the factors affecting the productivity of hospital information systems were first identified using a survey research method. The factors are prioritized from the questionnaires and the Fuzzy Delphi method. Results: After analyzing the findings, it was found that physicians' satisfaction, information quality, usability, appropriate support, high reporting ability, being on the web, and proper user training are the factors affecting the efficiency of hospital information systems. Conclusion: As a result, considering the findings of this study during the implementation of information systems projects, hospital officials can play a significant role in economically improving public health.