Various methods for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles employing chemical, physical and biological techniques considering bottom-up and top-down methods synthesis have been studied. The properties of copper nanoparticles depend largely on their synthesis procedures. The results from various investigations performed by di®erent scientists using these methods have been summarized. The applications, characterization techniques, advantages and disadvantages of each synthesis method are also the point of discussion. A detailed study of the results reveals that chemical reduction methods are most suitable for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles. Chemical reduction of copper salts using ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is a new and green approach in which ascorbic acid is used both as the reduction and capping agent. This approach is the most e®ective and is also economical. Wide applications have been reported in various¯elds, including heat transfer, catalyst production, electronics and medicine at a commercial scale. This process is nontoxic, environment-friendly and economical. The applications, characterization techniques, advantages and disadvantages of each synthesis method have been presented.
Chemical Reduction technique was employed to prepared highly stable and dispersed Copper nanoparticles using L-Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) as reducing as well as capping agent. In this technique, cupric chloride was used as precursor. The effects of different molar ratios of L-Ascorbic Acid on the concentration and size of copper nanoparticles were studied. The Copper nanoparticles were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry. The results show that with the increase in the molar ratio of L-ascorbic acid the concentration of Copper nanoparticles were also increased. The average particles size of copper nanoparticle was found in the range of 50-60 nm. The product was kept in ambient conditions for three month but no sedimentation or separation was observed. The use of ascorbic acid makes the process a non-toxic, cost effective and environmental friendly green method.
This paper aims to present a brief overview of different biosynthesis routes of silver nanoparticles (NPs), their applications and influence of the method used on the size and morphology of these nanoparticles. A detailed and comprehensive study of available biological methods, also referred to as a bottom-up approach, as well as techniques reported, have been provided with an eye for details and comparison between the techniques involving fungi, bacteria, algae and plant extracts. Plant-derived bioreductants such as leaf, stem or root extracts of various plants are seen as suitable solutions to green synthesis of silver NPs, implementing an easy, non-toxic, clean and environmentally friendly approach. Furthermore, reports on the antimicrobial activities with the zone of inhibition for various pathogens have also been included.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.