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Introduction: Adnexal mass lesions are common among women which has a prevalence of 0.17%-5.9% in asymptomatic women and 7.1%-12% in symptomatic women of all ages. Making a differential diagnosis among adnexal masses is difficult and complex. Recognising the severity of the problem, appropriate and timely evaluation and treatment with good outcome is the goal. Aim: To find out the validity of Ultrasonography (USG) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in evaluation of uterine adnexal masses. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 50 subjects with suspected various adnexal masses has been conducted over a period of two years from November 2017 to November 2019 in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Pathology, for USG were included. All patients later underwent surgery and biopsy specimens were sent for Histopathological Examination (HPE). The data was entered in master chart then mean, Standard Deviation (SD) and other statistical tests was applied and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16 statistical package, Chi-square test has been used to compare the sensitivity of Transabdominal Ultrasound (TAUS) and MRI scan with level of significance of <0.05. The results were expressed in form of tables, charts, graphs, figures and photographs. Results: The subjects age ranged from 9 to 84 years with a mean age of 40.36. Ovary was the most common site of origin of adnexal masses was (right 44% and left 30%), main symptoms was lump followed by pain abdomen. Most common adnexal masses on HPE were papillary followed by serious cystadenocarcinoma in malignant cases. USG showed an overall sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 81.3% PPV-72.7% and NPV- 92.9% in comparison to the histopathological findings benign cases had peripheral vascularity (65.62%) and had 59.4% cases with more than 0.8 resistive index. Among malignant cases (88.9%) had central vascularity with 83.3% cases having resistive index less than 0.8. Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV of MRI was 94.4%, 93.8%, 89.5% and 96.8%, respectively. Conclusion: USG is the initial choice of imaging modality for evaluation of adnexal mass lesions. But imaging with MRI has high accuracy in identifying the origin of a mass, characterising its tissue content and staging and preoperative plan. But still the HPE of specimen obtained from laparotomy of adnexal mass is the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis.

BACKGROUND Low back pain (LBP) secondary to degenerative disease of spine is a condition related to musculoskeletal system and affecting mostly middle aged and older persons, but now-a-days younger people are also suffering. Plain radiograph can be helpful in visualising gross anatomic changes in the intervertebral disc. But MRI is the standard imaging modality for detecting disc pathology. Aims and Objective-To evaluate imaging characteristics and extent of degenerative changes of the lumbosacral spine by 3 Tesla MRI and also to identify the associated changes and to find the pattern of pathological changes identified by MRI in low backache. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total 118 patients were studied to evaluate the MRI appearance of Degenerative disease of lumbosacral spine. The vertebrae, intervertebral discs, spinal canals and neural foramens were looked for the changes of degeneration. The spinal cord and the nerve roots were observed for signs of compression and degeneration. RESULTS Males were more frequently involved than females and they were mostly of 5 th and 6 th decades of their lives. Per patient disc involvement were 3.55%. Annular disc tear, disc herniation, narrowing of spinal canal, narrowing of lateral recess, compression of neural foramen, ligamentum flavum thickening and facetal arthropathy were common at the L4-L5 disc level. CONCLUSION Degeneration of lumbosacral spine is the most common cause of low back pain. Multiple levels of the disc involvement are seen per person. Males are more frequently affected to the disc degeneration than females. MRI is the standard imaging modality for detecting disc pathology due to its advantages like multiplanar imaging capability, excellent soft tissue contrast, precise localisation of intervertebral disc changes and lack of radiation.

Hydatid cyst caused by the parasite Echinococcus most commonly involve liver and usually presented with right hypochondrial pain which may be associated with jaundice, urticarial skin rashes, pruritus etc., We report here a case of 32 years old young lady who clinically presented with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma of recent onset. Her chest x-ray was unremarkable except slightly pushed up diaphragm on right side. Ultrasonography of abdomen revealed a cyst in the right lobe of liver, suggestive of hydatid cyst. Following confirmation of diagnosis by computed tomography (CT)-guided Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) surgical resection of the cystic lesion was done. On subsequent follow up for one year she was found to be cured of bronchial asthma. This case of hepatic hydatid cyst is reported here for its unique clinical presentation exclusively with bronchial asthma which completely subsided with resection of the cyst.

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