Dairy products are important to the human diet and are one of the four essential food groups. Conventional fermented cow milk products possessed a variation of bioactive components that enhance the human body's physiological processes. However, traditional milk products can be replaced by non-dairy plant-based milk which is produced mainly from fruits and seeds such as soy, coconut, almond, rice, peanut, lupin, cashew, and hemp. Fermented plant-based milk is the outcome of intense bacterial activity of the starter cultures, leading to the production of lactic acid and biologically active compounds that adding nutritional and physiological value. In addition, the growth and viability of probiotics in plant-based milk are depended on several factors such as milk composition, fermentation process, type of probiotics, storage time and temperature, acidity, and packages. Therefore, this review focuses on the growth and viability of probiotics in fermented plant-based milk products during fermentation and refrigerated storage.

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This research focused on the impact of two strains of probiotic Bifidobacterium spp. i.e., B. longum (Bg), or B. animalis subsp lactis (Bc) on post-acidification, the viable cell counts (VCC), total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC, respectively), and antioxidant activity of fermented (F) soymilk (SM), almond milk (AM), and their combination (100%, 75%, 50%, & 25%) during 0, 7, 14, & 21 days of storage. All fermented SM, AM, and their combination showed higher (p < 0.05) post-acidification than their respective controls during the storage. All samples showed VCC ranging between 6.9 and 7.4 log cfu/mL compared to their respective controls (3-4 log cfu/mL; p < 0.05). TPC in FSM/AM (50:50)-Bg & Bc was 2 folds higher (74.3 ± 0.021 & 61.34 ± 0.037 μg GAE/mL; p < 0.05) than control (22.52 ± 0.168) on day 21. The presence of Bg improved (p < 0.05) TFC in FSM (100) after 1 st day of storage. Both Bg and Bc had a positive impact on the antioxidant activity of all treated samples during storage. In conclusion, fermented soy and almond milk and their combination might serve as an effective vehicle for B. longum, or B. animalis subsp lactis with antioxidant activity.