Novel pyrene-and anthracene-based Schiff base derivatives P1 and A1 were synthesized via a one-pot reaction and utilized as fluorescence turn-on sensors towards Cu 2+ and Fe 3+ ions, respectively, and for aggregation induced emissions (AIEs). P1 in CH 3 CN and A1 in THF illustrated the fluorescence turn-on sensing towards Cu 2+ and Fe 3+ ions, respectively, via chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) through excimer (P1-P1* and A1-A1*) formation. The 2 : 1 stoichiometry of the sensor complexes (P1 + Cu 2+ and A1 + Fe 3+ ) were calculated from Job plots based on UV-Vis absorption titrations. In addition, the binding sites of sensor complexes (P1 + Cu 2+ and A1 + Fe 3+ ) were well established from the 1 H NMR titrations and supported by the fluorescence reversibility by adding metal ions and PMDTA sequentially.The detection limits (LODs) and the association constant (K a ) values of P1 + Cu 2+ and A1 + Fe 3+ sensor responses were calculated by standard deviations, linear fittings and from their fluorescence binding isotherms. More importantly, P1 + Cu 2+ and A1 + Fe 3+ sensors were found to be active in wide ranges of pHs (1-14 and 2-14, respectively). Moreover, the time effect along with the enhancements of quantum yield (F) and time resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) decay constant (s) towards sensor responses were investigated. Similarly, P1 in CH 3 CN and A1 in THF showed AIEs by increasing the aqueous media concentration from 0% to 90%, with altered fluorescence peak shifts (red and blue shifts, respectively). As well as s value enhancements, the F values of 0.506 and 0.567 (with 630-and 101-fold enhancements) were acquired for P1 in CH 3 CN : H 2 O (20 : 80) and A1 in THF : H 2 O (40 : 60), respectively.

AIE behaviour of TPE with open and closed forms of DAE in a photo-switchable polymer is studied in high water contents.

Three new hole-transporting materials (HTMs), composed of N 3 ,N 6bis(di-4-anisylamino)-9H-carbazole and anthracene moieties, have been developed for perovskite solar cell (PSC) application. Two of the new HTMs have better hole mobility and hole-extraction ability compared to spiro-OMeTAD. Accordingly, the best PSC based on mixed ion perovskite of Cs 0.05 FA 0.79 MA 0.16 PbI 2.49 Br 0.51 and doped HTMs has better power conversion efficiency (18.65%) than the corresponding PSC based on doped spiro-OMeTAD (17.90%). Moreover, the PSCs based on these HTMs have negligible hysteresis and good temporal stability.

Cost-effective imidazole-based star-shaped arylamines were used as dopant-free hole transport materials (HTMs) for high performance perovskite solar cells (17.47%).