Effect of salinity on sprouting water uptake, ion uptake and metabolic efficiency of wheat seeds in the variety kanchan were studied in Jaydebpur. The treatments were 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16dS-m salinity level. The experiment was set in CRD with four replications. There were 50 seeds per petridish. Seeds were moistened with saline solution. Germination was recorded up to 72 hours with an interval of 12 hours. Water absorption rate was recorded up to 42 hours with an interval of 6 hours. Accumulation of Na+ and CI- ions were measured at 36 hours. Germination percentage decreased in high salinity level. Water uptake also decreased with an increase of salinity level but it was not so much drastic upto 8dS-m. Accumulation of Na+ and CI- increased when the seeds were treated with 4dS-m to 16dS-m saline solution. The result indicated that salinity induced delay and decrease in sprouting percentage through lower water uptake and higher accumulation of Na+ and CI- . Keywords: Salinity; Wheat; Water uptake; Seed metabolic efficiency; Ion uptake DOI: 10.3329/jbau.v8i1.6392J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 8(1): 19-22, 2010
. This might be due to more food reserve and dry matter accumulation on the seed at later harvest. However, seeds harvested in 80 and 85 DAE were also found good for seed yield and seed quality.
Field experiments were carried out during [2004][2005][2006] at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Farm in Grey Terrace Soils, Agro-Ecological Zone (AEZ 28), Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh to determine the effects of harvesting time on yield and yield attributes of chickpea. Chickpea seeds of three varieties viz., BARI Chola-5, BARI Chola-6, and BARI Chola-8 were collected at three times viz., i) when the pods were yellowish with a few yellow greens (H 1 stage), ii) when most of the pods were light brown with a few yellow (H 2 stage), and iii) when all the pods were completely brown and dry (H 3 stage). All the seeds were stored in earthen pot until conducting the field study. Significant variation was not observed in three varieties of chickpea for most of the parameters studied. The highest pods/plant, seeds/pod, and seed yield were observed in BARI Chola-5 and the lowest in BARI Chola-8. Seeds collected at the stage when most of the pods were light brown with a few yellow (H 2 stage) recorded the highest pods/plant, seeds/pod, 1000-seed weight and seed yield. The highest seed yield was recorded from BARI Chola-5 when seeds were collected at H 2 stage.
An experiment on hundred wheat genotypes under different levels of osmotic stress was carried out during 2014 to select the genotype(s) tolerant to drought at germination and early seedling stage. Different levels of osmotic stress were imposed by using polyethylene glycol (PEG). Three osmotic stress levels viz. control (distilled water), 15% PEG solution and 25% PEG solution were used. Among the 100 genotypes the rate of germination percentage, final germination (%), root and shoot dry weight, amount of respiration and vigour index under PEG treatment was found significantly lower than that of control condition. Compared to control condition relative decrease in rate of germination, final germination, amount of respiration and vigour index among the wheat genotypes were found more at 25% PEG than that of 15% PEG treatment. However, the seed metabolic efficiency was significantly higher in wheat genotypes under both 15% PEG and 25% PEG treatment compared to the control condition. A significant positive correlation exists between the important growth parameters like rate of germination (%), final germination (%), shoot dry weight, root dry weight and vigour index. On the basis of these physiological traits against osmotic stress, nine genotypes of wheat such as BD-480, BD-498, BD-501, BD-513, BD-514, BD-519, BD-592, BD-618 and BD-633 were selected as drought tolerant.
The effect of high temperature on some physiological traits of wheat has been studied under controlled condition in a green house. The temperature stress chosen for the study were 25±1/14±10C (control) 28±1/18±10C day/night and 35±1/25±10C day/night temperature. Total crop duration was reduced under higher temperature. The results showed that leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight, flag leaf area of wheat was reduced under higher temperature. High temperature brought sterility and consequently reduced grain yield. Wheat plant grown under 35±1/25±10C, day night temperature failed to form any seed. Chlorophyll content also directly related to grain weight. High temperature reduced leaf chlorophyll content as well as grain weight. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v38i2.21332 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 38, No. 2, 103-110, 2014
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