Splenic abscess is an uncommon and lifethreatening condition. Due to its nonspecific clinical picture, it remains a diagnostic challenge. Multiple radiological modalities are used for the diagnosis. In this retrospective study we analyzed 75 patients treated between 1999 and 2009. The patients were divided into three groups depending on the treatment received. Group I (n=14) consisted of patients treated with only antibiotics, Group II (n=19) patients were treated with percutaneous drainage and Group III (n=42) with splenectomy. We tried to establish epidemiologic and clinical features and therapeutic options in splenic abscess. Our study suggests that percutaneous drainage is a safe and effective alternative to surgery especially in unilocular or bilocular abscesses thus allowing preservation of the spleen. It should be considered as the first line of treatment although splenectomy remains the final definitive procedure if percutaneous drainage fails.

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