Introduction: Improving health services integration through primary health care (PHC) teams for patients with chronic conditions is essential to address their complex health needs and facilitate better health outcomes. The objective of this study was to explore if and how patients, family members, and caregivers were engaged or wanted to be engaged in developing, implementing and evaluating health policies related to PHC teams. This patient-oriented research was carried out in three provinces across Canada: British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario.Methods: A total of 29 semi-structured interviews with patients were conducted across the three provinces and data were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Three key themes were identified: motivation for policy engagement, experiences with policy engagement and barriers to engagement in policy. The majority of participants in the study wanted to be engaged in policy processes and advocate for integrated care through PHC teams. Barriers to patient engagement in policy, such as lack of opportunities for engagement, power imbalances, tokenism, lack of accessibility of engagement opportunities and experiences of racism and discrimination were also identified.
Conclusion:This study increases the understanding of patient, family member, and caregiver engagement in policy related to PHC team integration and the barriers that currently exist in this engagement process. This information can be used to guide decision-makers on how to improve the delivery of integrated health services
We study the cosmological constraints on the non-minimal scalar-curvature mixing ξRφ 2 in inflationary cosmology with a class of scalar field inflaton potentials (i)1+αφ 2 . We obtain constraints on the nonminimal coupling parameter ξ for φ values of the potentials V corresponding to potential parameters λ, p and α by comparing these with the Planck+WMAP data on spectral index of curvature perturbations generated during inflation. We find that in the parameters space all the above listed potentials can generate the e-fold number N = 40 − 60 necessary for any successful inflation model. The scalar spectral index n s and the tensor to scalar ratio r are found to lie within 3σ C.L of Planck 2018 data for the potentials (i) V ∝ φ p e λφ with λ = 0, p = 2; λ = 0.1, p = 2, 4; λ = 0.01, p = 2, 4; (ii) V ∝ (1 − φ p )e −λφ for λ = 0.01, p = 2, 4, (iii) V ∝ (1 − λφ) p for λ = ±1, p = ±2. We also find that the potential V ∝ αφ 2 1+αφ 2 with α = 1, 2 can produce the n s and r values which are consistent with the WMAP3 data.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.