Arterial and venous thromboses are common in glioma patients, both in the perioperative period and throughout the course of the disease. High-grade glioma patients harbor underlying hypercoagulability, which predisposes these high-risk patients with prolonged immobility and neurologic deficits to thrombotic events. Despite the high incidence and recurrent nature of these complications, there is no standardized approach to the management of glioma patients, and many challenges remain. Historically, the perceived risk of intracranial and intratumoral hemorrhage limited the use of anticoagulation, favoring nonpharmacological prophylaxis and treatment. Multiple studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of anticoagulation when indicated, with low molecular weight heparin as the preferred short- or long-term treatment. This review will discuss the epidemiology, risk factors, and therapeutic management of both venous and arterial thrombotic complications in glioma.
The authors describe a 12-year-old girl with an atypical presentation of Bartonella encephalitis. She presented with fever and altered mental status and developed flaccid paralysis of her left upper extremity a day later. An electroencephalogram showed slowing over her right hemisphere. She had mild leukocytosis and bandemia, but her imaging and cerebrospinal studies were unrevealing. After five days, her symptoms resolved and she was discharged home on doxycycline due to suspicion for Bartonella encephalitis. The patient admitted to playing with a kitten two months prior, but she lacked the classic regional lymphadenopathy. Bartonella titers were sent during her hospitalization and returned positive after her discharge. Cat scratch disease neurologic manifestations are uncommon, with hemiplegia being exceedingly rare. This case illustrates that focal neurologic signs may develop during cat scratch disease infection and suggests that cat scratch disease encephalitis should be considered during evaluation of a pediatric patient with acute flaccid paralysis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.