In the structure of the Belitung community, dukun kampung is an informal leader in each village. Dukun kampung has a very important role in people's lives. A dukun kampung is believed to have the ability to treat people suffering from ill health both medically and non medically. In addition, they also have the ability to become a mediator of the natural and supernatural world therefore for the people of Belitung a dukun kampung has the role as guardian of the village area from various kinds of disturbances both invisible creatures and supernatural beings. In everyday life, the role of the village herbalist exceeds the role of a village head. Every activity that will be done by the community always follows the ordinance set by the dukun kampung.
This paper aims to find out the meaning and values of the tradition of the Maras Taun ceremony in Belitung Regency. This research is conducted using a qualitative method with sociology and cultural anthropology approaches. Maras Taun is one of the traditional ceremonies that has been carried out for generations in Belitung Regency. It is not just a routine activity in Belitung Island, but at least there are three dimensions contained in the ceremony including tradition, symbolism, and values. Maras Taun is a thanksgiving ceremony for rice harvest which is carried out once a year after the harvest because most of the people earn a living in the fields. The next development of the Maras Taun ceremony is transformed into village salvation as people were not farmed in the fields anymore because of social changes. But, this did not reduce the sacredness of the traditional ceremony of Maras Taun itself. The results of this study found that in each stage of the ceremony contained the symbols and values of cultural practices of the community.Keywords: Tradition of Maras Taun, meaning and values, Belitung RegencyABSTRAK Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna dan nilai tradisi upacara adat Maras Taun di Kabupaten Belitung. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologi dan antropologi budaya. Maras Taun merupakan salah satu upacara adat yang dilaksanakan secara turun-temurun oleh masyarakat di Kabupaten Belitung. Maras Taun tidak hanya sekadar sebuah perayaan rutin yang setiap tahun oleh setiap desa di Pulau Belitung, namun dalam perayaan tersebut setidaknya terdapat tiga dimensi, yakni tradisi, simbolisme, dan nilai. Maras Taun merupakan upacara syukuran panen padi yang dilaksanakan setahun sekali pasca panen padi, karena sebagian besar masyarakat bermata pencaharian petani ladang. Pada perkembangan selanjutnya. upacara ini bertransformasi menjadi selamatan kampung karena masyarakat sudah jarang yang bertani di ladang disebabkan adanya perubahan sosial. Namun hal tersebut tidak mengurangi kesakralan dari upacara adat tersebut. Hasil kajian ini menemukan bahwasanya setiap tahapan dalam upacara perayaan Maras Taun kaya akan simbol-simbol dan nilai yang terkandung di dalamnya.Kata Kunci: Tradisi Maras Taun, makna dan nilai, Kabupaten Belitung
AbstrakPenelitian ini bertolak dari pemikiran bahwa peradaban saat ini sangatlah kebarat-baratan, dengan kata lain Eropa menjadi acuan, humanisme Eropa menjadi dasar dari peradaban saat ini. Padahal, humanisme Eropa cenderung mengedepankan intelejensi dan kehendak bebas dari manusia yang pada akhirnya mendorong manusia untuk mengeksploitasi alam sedemikian rupa. Dengan kata lain mendorong manusia untuk berbuat kerusakan di muka bumi. Ali Syari’ati sendiri merupakan seorang tokoh dari Iran yang terkenal dengan gayanya yang khas, memaparkan hampir semua teori humanisme barat berikut kelemahan-kelemahannya, dan menghadapkan semua teori itu dengan pandangan dunia Islam. Yang juga mengajukan Islam sebagai agama yang mampu menjawab seluruh tantangan kehidupan modern. Dalam menghimpun data, baik primer juga sekunder, penulis menggunakan teknik studi kepustakaan serta dokumentasi. Dengan mengumpulkan semua buku dan literatur karya Ali Syari’ati yang telah di terjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia. Di kumpulkan juga buku dan literatur mengenai topik dan Ali Syari’ati yang ada relevansinya dengan masalah yang dibahas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) Humanisme menurut Ali Syari’ati adalah aliran filsafat yang menyatakan bahwa tujuan pokok yang dimilikinya adalah untuk keselamatan dan kesempurnaan manusia. Humanisme memandang manusia sebagai makhluk mulia, dan prinsip-prinsip yang disarankannya didasarkan atas pemenuhan kebutuhan-kebutuhan pokok yang bisa membentuk manusia menjadi lebih baik. (2) Menurut Ali Syari’ati, pernyataan humanisme dalam Islam adalah yang paling dalam dan paling maju, mengacu pada kisah kejadian Adam dalam Al-Qur’an. Islam mengajarkan bahwa di hadirat Allah manusia bukanlah makhluk yang rendah, karena ia adalah rekan Allah, teman-Nya, pendukung amanah-Nya di bumi. Manusia menikmati afinitasnya dengan Allah, menerima pelajaran dari-Nya, dan telah menyaksikan betapa semua malaikat Allah jatuh bersujud kepada-Nya.
Village is the smallest territorial space in Indonesia with a complex socio-economic problem. For this reason, the village SDGs was born as a micro-based global development agenda expected to realize village development efficiently. This program has the main objective of “No One Left Behind” with 18 main objectives that cover all levels of society. Among the best ideas in the 18 goals, the conclusion is still focused on sustainable village development through eradicating lower-class social issues with upper-class support. Then the question arises, "What is the role of the middle class, and how do they adapt to these 18 goals?". This study uses a mixed explanatory design method and quantitative and qualitative methods. The phenomena that occur are studied and analyzed through sequential techniques to conclude that the adaptation pattern of the middle-class community is distinguished based on their response to the village SDGs program.
One of the promises of religion is happiness for its followers. The promise is translated according to their respective mindstreem. One of them is the Tablighi Jamaat. The Tablighi Jamaat claims to be a neutral community in terms of sects, mass organizations, and politics, but within the framework of ahl al-sunnah wa aljamâ'ah. They emphasize their religious activities in real terms through the practice of da'wah by prioritizing morality. This study aims to determine the religious pattern of the Tablighi Jamaat by studying the pattern of their life and da'wah. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method in describing the results of the study. The results of the research on the religious patterns of the Tablighi Jamaat mutually influence the dimensions of doctrine, teachings, rituals, appreciation and practice, so that the social interactions that are formed between the two are dialectically and associatively intertwined because they are influenced by motivational orientations and value orientations. In the application of the religious pattern, the Tablighi Jamaat adheres to the six doctrinal principles they profess. Keywords: Religion, Tablighi Jamaat, Religious Patterns.
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