There have been many advances in the solar chimney power plant since 1930 and the first pilot work was built in Spain (Manzanares) that produced 50 KW. The solar chimney power plant is considered of a clean power generation that needs to be investigated to enhance the performance by studying the effect of changing the area of passage of air to enhance the velocity towards the chimney to maximize design velocity. In this experimental and numerical study, the reduction area of solar collector was investigated. The reduction area that mean changing the height of glass cover from the absorbing plate (h1=3.8cm, h2=2.6cm and h3=1.28cm). The numerical study was performed using ANSYS Fluent software package (version 14.0) to solve governing equations. The aim of this work was to study the effect of change the height of reduction area to the design velocity (velocity move the blade of turbine at inlet in the chimney). The results showed that the third height (h3=1.28cm) gives the best result because when decreasing the height between the glass cover and absorbing plate, the area between them decreased and the design velocity increased then the efficiency of solar chimney model was increased.
An experimental investigation of different thermal energy storage materials in the solar collector is studied in this paper. Both, sensible energy storage materials and latent heat storage materials (PCMs) are used to enhance the storage system of thermal energy. The size of the tested solar collector 2 m*0.8m*0.15 collector length, width, height. Experimental results obtained from the proposed model indicate that the solar collector model, having a composite of paraffin wax with 5% aluminum powder can continuous operation, and the maximum air temperature difference (ΔT) between air enter to collector and exit from the collector if the ambient of 24.7 °C, the effect on the efficiency of the collector
Solar energy is a renewable energy source that can generate electricity. When there is much solar radiation, there is not always a need for all the energy from the solar, and when the weather is cloudy there may be too little energy to meet demand. Thus, it is often wise to implement energy storage in systems with a large share of renewable energy. Latent heat storage is one of the most efficient ways of storing thermal energy. Sodium Sulfate Decahydrate (Glauber’s salt) has a larger energy storage density and a higher thermal conductivity. So the present work, built solar chimney power plant of 2m-radius of collector and a 4m chimney height integrated by phase change materials. Aim of designing and building solar chimney to estimate the effect of adding phase change materials as well as to examine the effect of inclination angle (16°, 8°). The results show that maximum temperature difference between collector exit and the ambient reached to 23.7°C for case (i) and for 17.7°C case (ii), the maximum air velocity reached 2.25 m/s that in case (ii) and reached 2.05 m/s in case (i).and maximum collector efficiency can be reached to 8.925% in case (ii).
Phase change materials are known to be good in use in latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems, but one of their drawbacks is the slow melting and solidification processes. So that, in this work, enhancing heat transfer of phase change material is studied experimentally for in charging and discharging processes by the addition of high thermal conductive material such as copper in the form of brushes, which were added in both PCM and air sides. The additions of brushes have been carried out with different void fractions (97%, 94% and 90%) and the effect of four different air velocities was tested. The results indicate that the minimum brush void fraction gave the maximum heat transfer in PCM and reduced the time for melting for (ϵ=90%) up to 4.49 times as compare with the case of no brush. It can be seen that the addition of brushes in air side helped to reduce the solidification time and increase the convection heat transfer coefficient as the brush void fraction decreased. Also the minimum velocity (v = 1 m/s) gave maximum outlet temperature.
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