The latest research has shown that the new generation of antiepileptic drugs has neuroprotective on nervous system. On the other hand, the effect of levetiracetam, a new generation antiepileptic drug, on GIC in SH-SY5Y cells remains uncertain. This research aims to investigate the effect of levetiracetam on GIC and oxidant and antioxidant levels in SH-SY5Y cells. It is utilized SH-SY5Y cell line at this research. Four groups were formed to assess the impact of levetiracetam on SH-SY5Y cell death following GIC. While no treatment was administered to the control group, 10 mM glutamate was administered to the glutamate group for 24 hours (10, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml). LEV at different concentrations was given to the levetiracetam for 24 hours. The levetiracetam + glutamate was pretreated with levetiracetam at several concentrations for 1 hour (10, 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml), which was followed by a 24-hour exposure to 10 mM glutamate. TAS and TOS levels in cells and cell viability were examined. Following the GIC, a 25 μg/ml-Levetiracetam improved cell viability in neuroblastoma cells dramatically (p < 0.05). LEV (25 ug/ml) + glutamate while enhanced TAS levels in neuroblastoma cells in comparison to the glutamate (p < 0.05), significantly reduced TOS levels (p < 0.05 Levetiracetam improves cell survival by reducing cell death following GIC in neuroblastoma cells. In the acute process, levetiracetam exerts a protective effect.
Microbiota might be considered as an environmental factor which we are always exposed to at high doses lifelong. It also includes bacteria and other organisms (fungus, protozoa, virus and etc.) existing and living in our gastrointestinal tract and other anatomic regions (mouth, skin, vagina). After it has been indicated that microbiota is related with human health and many diseases such as cancer, studies in this field have gained speed and in view of the fact that microbiota should be assessed as a new organ in our body has emerged. Microbiota protects tissues from antigens and pathogens by strengthening mucosal barrier. Cancer and inflammatory disorders increase when the barrier is destroyed. When the barrier is destroyed, microbes might affect immune reactions in growing tumor microenvironments more by forming proinflammatory or immunosuppressant programs. Microbiota which accompanies intestinal and epithelial surface of human body affects starting and growing of the cancer and impact of cancer treatment on tumor cells by intervening systemic metabolism, immune system and inflammations. Many factors including environmental conditions such as host genetics and diet regulate microbiota diversity and ultimately regulate carcinogenesis and cancer treatment. In this review, we planned to emphasize importance of the relation between microbiota and cancer which has been an important subject of scientific researches in recent years.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 04 October’20 Page : 251-256
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.