Dişi köpeklerin en yaygın görülen neoplazmları arasında meme tümörleri en başta gelmektedir. Dişi köpeklerde bu tür tümörlerin epidemiyolojik ve klinik özellikleri ile biyolojik davranışları, insanlardaki meme karsinomlarına benzer olduğu için dişi köpekler model olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bölgesel veya uzak metastaz olgularında cerrahi eksizyon yerine çoğunlukla kemoterapi tercih edilmekte fakat pek çok kemoterapötik ajan sistemik toksisiteye sebep olarak ciddi yan etkiler oluşturmaktadır. Bu sebeplerden dolayı, daha az invaziv ve daha etkili terapötik stratejiler araştırılmaya devam etmektedir. Mikrobaloncuklar, ilk olarak 1990’larda ultrason taramalarını daha güvenli hale getirmek için geliştirilmiştir. Bu derleme ile ultrason hedefli mikrobaloncuk uygulamalarının, kematerapötik ilaçların sistemik toksisitesini azaltabileceğinden etkili bir teşhis ve tedavi tekniği olabileceği hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
The histological specimens of 73 patients who presented with undescended testes after puberty were re-evaluated. None of the specimens revealed carcinoma in situ but in the specimens of 5 patients severe atypia was detected. None of the patients, including 5 with severe atypia, has shown any evidence of invasive testicular tumour during follow-up.
A 2-year-old multiparous (Case 1) and a 2.5-year-old nulliparous (Case 2) Djungarian hamster each presented with a history of a prolapsed mass from the vulva. A partial uterine prolapse was diagnosed in both cases, according to the clinical and diagnostic examinations. The prolapsed mass was replaced in each hamster, and an ovariohysterectomy was performed. The histopathological examination of the removed tissues revealed a cyst and papillary hyperplasia in the ovary. This first case report, to our knowledge, demonstrates the possibility of a uterine prolapse with a cyst and papillary hyperplasia in the ovary and how to surgically manage this condition. The report could also contribute to having a better understanding of the occurrence of a uterine prolapse without parturition in hamsters.
The maternal body must adapt to fetal growth and development during the state of pregnancy for successful foal and mother. Pregnancy status as in other mammals is related to physiology and hematology. This study aimed to compare the hematology profiles and biochemical parameters of late pregnant and non-pregnant mares. Twenty-two mares were included in the study. Mares were divided into two groups according to the pregnancy status. Hematology profile and biochemical parameters were analyzed from blood samples collected from the jugular vein. All data were analyzed using Stata 12/MP4. White blood cell count, lymphocyte, red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, monocyte and percentage of monocyte were significantly lower in non-pregnant mares compared to late pregnant mares (P<0.05). No significant differences were noted in values of neutrophil, eosinophil, mean cell volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, platelet, mean platelet volume, red cell distribution width in both groups (P>0.05). On the other hand, biochemical parameters analysis showed that calcium, total bilirubin, and triglyceride concentrations were greater in late pregnant mares (P<0.05). However, urea, albumin, cholesterol, and magnesium concentrations were similar among groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, the present study showed hematology profile and biochemical parameters differences in late pregnant and non-pregnant mares. These values could be useful in clinical practices to assess the situation of late pregnant mares.
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