To understand the spread of SARS-CoV2, in August and September 2020, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (India), conducted a sero-survey across its constituent laboratories and centers across India. Of 10,427 volunteers, 1058 (10.14%) tested positive for SARS CoV2 anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) antibodies; 95% of which had surrogate neutralization activity. Three-fourth of these recalled no symptoms. Repeat serology tests at 3 (n=607) and 6 (n=175) months showed stable anti-NC antibodies but declining neutralization activity. Local sero-positivity was higher in densely populated cities and was inversely correlated with a 30 day change in regional test positivity rates (TPR). Regional seropositivity above 10% was associated with declining TPR. Personal factors associated with higher odds of sero-positivity were high-exposure work (Odds Ratio, 95% CI, p value; 2∙23, 1∙92–2∙59, <0.0001), use of public transport (1∙79, 1∙43–2∙24, <0.0001), not smoking (1∙52, 1∙16–1∙99, 0∙0257), non-vegetarian diet (1∙67, 1∙41–1∙99, <0.0001), and B blood group (1∙36,1∙15-1∙61, 0∙001).
Diabetic nephropathy
is a leading cause of end-stage
renal disease.
Hence, early detection of diabetic nephropathy is essential to mitigate
the disease burden. Microalbuminuria, the currently used diagnostic
marker of diabetic nephropathy, is not efficient in detecting it at
an early stage. Therefore, we explored the utility of glycated human
serum albumin (HSA) peptides for risk prediction of diabetic nephropathy.
Three glycation-sensitive HSA peptides, namely, FKDLGEENFK,
KQTALVELVK, and KVPQVSTPTLVEVSR, with deoxyfructosyllysine
(DFL) modification were quantified by targeted mass spectrometry (MS)
in a study population comprising healthy and type II diabetes subjects
with and without nephropathy. Mass spectrometry, receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curve, and correlation analysis revealed that
the DFL-modified KQTALVELVK peptide was better than other glycated
HSA peptides and HbA1c for identifying diabetic nephropathy.
DFL-modified KQTALVELVK could be a potential marker for risk prediction
of diabetic nephropathy.
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