<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Neck swellings are one of the commonest clinical presentations encountered by the practicing physicians. Hence; we undertook the present study to assess the incidence and nature of various head and neck swellings by FNAC.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study included evaluation of data of all the patients that underwent FNAC for various head and neck swellings. A total of 100 patients were included in this study in which FNAC was performed with lesions in the head and neck regions in the otorhinolaryngology, pediatric, and surgery departments. Cleaning of the area, to be aspirated, was done and a 23‑gauge needle with syringe and trocar was inserted at convenient angles to the lesions and multiple hits was made within the lesion, with sufficient negative pressure; the needle was removed and the pressure was applied to the area of aspiration to avoid bleeding or hematoma formation. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of the patients with head and neck swellings belong to the age group of 21 to 30 years. Only 6 and 4 patients were having age of 51 to 60 years and 61 years and above respectively. Out of 100 patients, 36 were males and 64 were females. In a total of 54 patients, diagnosis of inflammatory lesion was made while in case of 34 and 12 patients; diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions was made respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Most of the swellings occurring in the head and neck region are inflammatory in nature and affect females more frequently than males.</p>
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear canal. It is mostly seen in hot and humid climatic conditions of the tropical and subtropical countries. It can also occur as a result of decreased immunity (and has been seen as a common occurrence as an opportunistic infection in the immunocompromised). </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Patients clinically diagnosed with otomycosis and coming to the ENT department RIMS teaching hospital were first subjected to detailed history taking. The samples from ear will then be collected by three sterile cotton swabs and sent to Microbiology Department, RIMS. Fungal, bacterial cultures were performed and microscopic examination was done. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Patients presented with a wide age range, the youngest patient being 6 months old and eldest being 28.31 years old. The mean age of the study population was 28.31 years. The ratio between male and female patients was 1.13:1 with male predominance. There were 26 patients (81.2%) who had a habit of using pins or sticks. The chief complaints of majority of the patients were pain and itching. Pain ranged from mild to severe type. Least common symptom was tinnitus. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">In our study male predominance was seen and majority of cases were unilateral. There were only 5 patients who were immunocompromised. The most common presenting symptom was pain and itching. There were 81.2% patients who had a habit of using pins/ sticks.</span></p>
Background: Tracheostomy is a commonly performed procedure to facilitate prolonged ventilator-based respiratory support in patients with respiratory failure. The side effects of tracheostomy includes tracheal stenosis, increased bacterial colonization and haemorrhage. The present study was conducted to assess timing of Tracheostomy & its outcome in Intensive care unit. Material & Methods: A retrospective study was done to assess timing of tracheostomy -early vs late, its outcome, as a determinant of weaning success in intensive care patients. The weaning process was begun with synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation with pressure support. Medical records were analyzed for age, sex, underlying disease and cause of intubation, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score17, duration of mechanical ventilation, complications of tracheostomy, pneumonia after tracheostomy, length of ICU stay, and mortality in the ICU and hospital. The analysis of the data was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, US) software, version 22. P < 0.05 will be considered statistically significant. Results: In the present study a total population of 100 patient with tracheostomy were included. Successful weaning occurs in 40% patients and 60% patients fail to wean.
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