ABSTRACT:The fracture of the distal end of radius was first identified by Sir Abraham Colles. With the increase in high velocity trauma, there has been an observed increase in the incidence and fracture patterns of the distal radius. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We conducted a prospective on distal radius fractures with 132 patients. All cases of distal radius fractures were considered between the age group of 20 and 70 years. Frykmans classification was used to classify the fractures. The patients were followed up every three weeks following surgery.The patients were assessed subjectively and objectively using New York Hospital Wrist Scoring system. RESULTS: Our study showed that anatomical and functional results were excellent in 35.7% of the patients versus 25% of those patients treated by external fixation. 30.3% of our patients managed by internal fixation had good functional outcome at the end of one year follow-up versus 43.4% of them treated with external fixation. 25% of patients treated by internal fixation had fair results while 13.1% of the patients managed by external fixation had fair results. Poor results were observed in 8.9% of patients managed by internal fixation as compared to18.4% of them managed by external fixator. The fair and poor results were due to inability to maintain accurate articular reduction and congruity of the distal radius using the external fixator. Potential complications like pin tract infection and loosening could also be attributed towards poor scores while using external fixation. CONCLUSION: The incidence of complications and poor results in internal fixation are fewer when compared to external fixation in this study. Patients managed with buttress plating had better functional outcome and returned to their daily routine earlier than those patients managed with ligamentotaxis.

The anterior cruciate ligament is the weaker of the two cruciate ligaments stabilizing the knee joint, and therefore gets torn easier than the posterior cruciate ligament. Reconstruction of ACL and restoration of musculoskeletal function is a fundamental goal of orthopaedic treatment. This study was conducted to determine pattern of anterior cruciate ligament injury and its management in a tertiary care center and to assess the long term outcome of knee function after anterior cruciate Ligament reconstruction. 28 patients with ACL injury were included. In this study. A detailed history regarding the pattern of injury was noted and ACL reconstruction was done using BT Bone graft with mini-arthrotomy and arthroscopic assisted ACL reconstruction. The clinical follow-up evaluation was done following the surgery and postoperative rehabilitation. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm Score were used to assess the functional outcome. The mean age of the study subjects was 30.6±7.3 years and majority were males. Majority of the ACL injury was sports related and was on the right knee. 64% underwent arthroscopic assisted ACL reconstruction; majority of them had normal range of motion of the knee. According to the IKDC rating scale, 80% of the patients had normal or nearly normal final outcome. The mean Lysholm score was 80. About 10 of the patients had anterior knee pain, as classified by the IKDC. Patients with early reconstruction had less degenerative changes in the tibiofemoral joint, were subjectively more satisfied to the result, and could return to the pre-injury level of activities. Our present study concludes that most common age group involved was 20-30 years and ACL injury was more common among males. Patients with an early ACL reconstruction were more satisfied with the end result. Also, ACL reconstruction techniques using BTB auto graft leads to good ligamentous stability and function of the knee. Mild anterior knee pain and osteoarthritis after reconstruction was a common finding.

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<p class="abstract"><span lang="EN-IN">Elbow dislocations are commonly encountered cases by orthopaedic surgeon. Vascular injury accompanying an elbow dislocation is a surgical challenge. The authors report a rare complication of complete transaction of the brachial artery following a posterior dislocation of the elbow joint. A fifty-year old male suffered a road traffic accident during which he injured his left elbow. Radiographs confirmed a posterior dislocation of the elbow joint. However the radial and ulnar pulse very not palpable. Arterial doppler confirmed injury to brachial artery. The patient was successfully treated and regained full functional use of his left upper limb. The aim of this report is to help readers understand why a vascular injury occurs following an elbow dislocations. A successful management of such injuries revolves around a prompt clinical diagnosis and early repair.</span></p>