A volatile concentrate obtained from rose water (ex. Rosa damascena fl owers) by liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane was studied by GC and GC/MS. The volatiles consisted mainly of 2-phenylethanol (69.7-81.6%), linalool (1.5-3.3%), citronellol (1.8-7.2%), nerol (0.2-4.2%), geraniol (0.9-7.0%) along with rose oxides and all other characteristic minor rose compounds.

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Background & objectives:Endothelial cells of the donor cornea are known to be affected quantitatively and qualitatively in different pathological conditions after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and this has direct effect on the clarity of vision obtained after PK. This study was undertaken to analyze the qualitative and quantitative changes in donor endothelial cells before and after PK in different pathological conditions.Methods:A prospective investigational analysis of 100 consecutive donor corneas used for penetrating keratoplasty between June 2006 and June 2008, was conducted. The patients were evaluated on the first day, at the end of first week, first month, third and six months and one year.Results:A decrease was observed in endothelial cell count in all pathological conditions. After one year of follow up the loss was 33.1 per cent in corneal opacity, 45.9 per cent in acute infective keratitis (AIK), 58.5 per cent in regrafts, 28.5 per cent in pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK), 37 per cent in descemetocele, 27 per cent in keratoconus and 35.5 per cent in aphakic bullous keratopathy (ABK) cases.Interpretation & conclusions:The endothelial cell loss was highest in regraft cases which was significant (P<0.05), while the least endothelial cell loss was seen in keratoconus cases. The cell loss was associated with increase in coefficient of variation (CV), i.e. polymegathism and pleomorphism. Inspite of this polymegathism and pleomorphism, the clarity of the graft was maintained.

Background: Lymphadenopathy (LAP) is a common clinical presentation seen in pediatric patients attending the outpatient department. The etiology of LAP varies from a benign process to malignancy. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a very rapid and easy to perform diagnostic test. Majority of cases can be diagnosed and managed on FNAC without need of histopathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of FNAC in diagnosis of superficial LAP in pediatric population.

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A baby born with normal full term vaginal delivery to a healthy mother aged 30 years was admitted to Neonatal intensive care unit at our tertiary care centre. On ophthalmological examination, the patient had bilateral ectropion of both the upper and lower eyelids. The eyelashes of the lower eyelids were missing. There was no evidence of discharge, corneal opacities or keratitis. No other ocular abnormality was found. Collodion baby is a rare disease; and there is no established management protocol. We managed the patient conservatively by the use of 0.05 % Clobetasol ointment for local application over the eyelids and lubricant (Carboxy methyl cellulose 1%) eye drops. Thus, the case was managed successfully with no requirement for surgical intervention.