Objectives: Hyperlipidemia (HL) is a major cause of ischemic heart diseases. The size-limiting effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC), a cardioprotective phenomenon, is reduced in HL, possibly because of the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). The objective of this study is to see what effect pretreatment with Inula racemosa Hook root extract (IrA) had on IPC-mediated cardioprotection on HL Wistar rat hearts. An isolated rat heart was mounted on the Langendorff heart array, and then ischemia reperfusion (I/R) and IPC cycles were performed. Atractyloside (Atr) is an MPTP opener. Methods: The animals were divided into ten groups, each consisting of six rats (n = 6), to investigate the modulation of I. racemosa Hook extract on cardioprotection by IPC in HL hearts: Sham control, I/R Control, IPC control, I/R + HL, I/R + IrA + HL, IPC + HL, IPC + NS + HL, IPC + IrA+ HL, IPC + Atr + oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, integrity, and hemodynamic parameters are evaluated for each group. Results: The present experimental data show that pretreatment with IrA reduced the LDH, CK-MB, size of myocardial infarction, content of cardiac collagen, and ventricular fibrillation in all groups of HL rat hearts. This pretreatment also reduced the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Inhibition of MPTP opening by Atr diminished the effect of IrA on IPC-mediated cardioprotection in HL rats. Conclusion:The study findings indicate that pretreatment with IrA e restores IPC-mediated cardioprotection in HL rats by inhibiting the MPTP opening.
Aim and Objective: The present study was done with the aim to compare and adjust the number of occlusal contacts of provisional restoration in centric occlusion using a virtual articulator and functionally generated path technique(FGP). objectives of this study were;1) To assess the number of occlusal contacts of a provisional restoration prepared on a virtual articulator and using FGP technique separately, 2)To compare the number of occlusal contacts of provisional crown fabricated by using virtual articulator and FGP technique. 3)To compare the number of adjustments required to equalise the contacts in provisional restoration made by using virtual articulator and FGP technique in centric occlusion. Materials and Methods: The study involved Ten patients requiring complete veneers on lower first molars, were selected and given two provisional restorations one fabricated using functionally generated pathway and the other using a virtual articulator. Results: The mean number of occlusal contacts in FGP at centric after the first four adjustments were 3.9, 5.4, 5.0, 6.6 respectively. The mean number of occlusal contacts in the prosthesis fabricated using virtual articulator at centric after the first four adjustments were 7.0, 9.7, 9.2, 10 respectively. The mean number of occlusal corrections made in FGP at centric was 6.4 and the mean value of occlusal corrections in virtual articulator at centric was 2.7. The mean value of number of occlusal contacts in prosthesis fabricated using FGP technique at eccentric after the first two adjustments were 4.6 and 4.7 respectively where as in the prosthesis fabricated using virtual articulator was 4.4 and 5.3 respectively. The number of occlusal contacts were marginally more in the prosthesis fabricated using virtual articulator than from the prosthesis fabricated using FGP. The mean value of occlusal corrections in FGP at eccentric was 2.7 whereas the mean value of number of occlusal corrections in a prosthesis using a virtual articulator was 1.9. The number of occlusal adjustments in virtual articulator was less in both centric and eccentric than that of FGP proposed by Meyers. Conclusion: The present study shows that virtual articulator has been deemed better in terms of both patient compliance as well as operator’s ease in delivering of the prosthesis.
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