The attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common diagnosis in child psychiatry, and persists very often in adulthood. These patients have poor lifestyles, especially in affective, work and social areas. Although patients with ADHD have a high rate of comorbidity (e.g. drug and alcohol abuse, depressive and anxiety disorders), this diagnosis is missed by the general physician, deferring its identification and opportune treatment. This article is a review about this disorder and gives tools for its recognition and deriva
Chile entered a period of political turmoil when Dr Salvador Allende, a socialist, won the 1970 presidential election. After he was overthrown, Chile was governed by a military dictatorship that engaged in massive human rights violations. Some 30 years later, this article summarizes the psychological consequences of the traumas that victims experienced and the emotions triggered in these individuals and their families, as well as the very real difficulties they faced. This report focuses on the loss and grief that many families experienced after a family member was imprisoned and tortured or assassinated, or both. Systemic therapeutic implications of the difficulties these families faced are proposed.
Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective treatment for severe obesity and its benefits include improvement in medical comorbidities. However, a higher rate of suicides after this type of surgery has been reported. We performed a literature review on the subject, and concluded that the mentioned increase in suicide rates, compared to the general population, is probably caused by conditions that the patient had before surgery, especially psychiatric disorders such as depression or eating disorders. These are risk factors for suicide, and are more common in the population with indication for bariatric surgery. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly evaluate these patients before surgery searching for suicide risk factors, deriving them to a mental health professional if necessary and follow their mental health after surgery. Considering that the literature on the topic is inconsistent, further research is needed.
La comunicación de malas noticias es una práctica inherente a la medicina. Las guías elaboradas para realizar esta tarea poseen un gran valor aún cuando constituyen orientaciones globales que deben ser adaptadas a cada situación particular considerando la idiosincrasia cultural propia de los actores sociales. En este contexto el presente estudio se propone explorar las prácticas de comunicación de malas noticias en distintos servicios hospitalarios de Santago-Chile con el objeto de contribuir a la formación médica y a la elaboración de políticas de salud locales. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa consistente en tres grupos focales con una muestra total de 33 médicos de dos hospitales de Santiago-Chile.
Resultados: la comunicación de malas noticias es una práctica frecuente para la cual no se ha recibido formación y que genera preocupación e interés en los distintos servicios hospitalarios. No se dispone de un procedimiento acordado de comunicación de malas noticias. Cada profesional ha desarrollado sus estrategias a partir de la experiencia. El informar al paciente es visto como un deber ético pero en muchos casos éste es interferido por la presión familiar. Se distinguen tipos de malas noticias y estrategias empleadas, así como aspectos facilitadores y obstaculizadores de este proceso comunicacional.
Conclusión: La vivencia del profesional es un factor central en la comunicación de malas noticias por lo que el desarrollo de mecanismos de auto-cuidado constituye un importante desafío.
This article examines the long‐term effects of divorce on adults whose parents divoiced during their childhood in Chile. A study of 35 adult Chileans found that many still fantasize about their parents ‘reconciliation and as children had not been told about the divorce until one of the parents had already left the home. Preventive intervention oriented toward preparing both parents and their children for the impending divorce are suggested.
A case-control study was done to observe the association between the parents' divorce and their children's results in school.The information was obtained from a questionnaire which was answered by the counselors of 8 public schools in Santiago, Chile.The authors are on the faculty, [Hawonh w-indexing enlry note]: "Children of Divorce: Academic Oulcome." Roizblall, Arturo el el. Co-~ublished simulleneouslv in JournalofDlwrce & Remorrione m e Hawonh Press. Inc.) Vol. 26. No. 314, 1997, pp. 51-56; a n d -~l w~c e onk~emarria~e: lnfernahhl Sfdies (ed: Craig A. Everelt) The Hawonh Press. Inc., 1997. pp. 51-56. Single or multiple mpiea of this article are availnble lor a fee lium 'lhe Hawonh Document Delivety Service [I-800-342-9678. 9:00 a.m. -5:00 p.m. (EST). E-mail address: getinC@aworth.wm].O 1997 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights resewed.
51
[Arlicle copies available for a feefiam The Haworth Documenl Delivery Service: 1-800-342-9678. E-mail address: ge~info@haworlh.com]
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.