The scenario of international accounting convergence leads Brazilian organizations to a new reality of informational challenge, the disclosure of management information, for example, the segmental information. The aim of this work is to verify how the management information are disclosure in the note published for segmental information in the companies listed in the IBrX-50. Findings demonstrate (i) the disclosure is different among sectors, (ii) there is a low level of management information disclosure. These variables may be an indicative of an attempt to hide the inefficiency of managers, or deletion of information as informational barrier for new competitors.
RESUMOO objetivo desta pesquisa é testar empiricamente a relação entre o nível de disclosure voluntário e o nível de gerenciamento de resultados das companhias abertas no Brasil. A priori, de acordo com a literatura existente, espera-se uma relação negativa entre essas duas práticas empresariais. A ideia subjacente é que empresas mais transparentes gerenciam menos seus resultados.
Financial statement fraud (FSF) is costly for investors and can damage the credibility of the audit profession. To prevent and detect fraud, it is helpful to know its causes. The binary choice models (e.g. logit and probit) commonly used in the extant literature, however, fail to account for undetected cases of fraud and thus present unreliable hypotheses tests. Using a sample of 118 companies accused of fraud by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), we estimated a logit model that corrects the problems arising from undetected frauds in U.S. companies. To avoid multicollinearity problems, we extracted seven factors from 28 variables using the principal factors method. Our results indicate that only 1.43 percent of the instances of FSF were publicized by the SEC. Of the six significant variables included in the traditional, uncorrected logit model, three were found to be actually non-significant in the corrected model. The likelihood of FSF is 5.12 times higher when the firm's auditor issues an adverse or qualified report. K e y w o rd s : Ac c o u n t i n g f r a u d. A A E R. Misclassification. Logit. Factor analysis. RESUMO Fraudes nas demonstrações financeiras (FDF) custam caro para os investidores e podem prejudicar a credibilidade dos auditores. Para prevenir e detectar fraudes, é útil conhecer suas causas. Os modelos de escolha binária (por exemplo, logit e probit), frequentemente utilizados na literatura, porém, não levam em consideração os casos de fraudes não detectados e, portanto, apresentam testes de hipóteses pouco confiáveis. Usando uma amostra de 118 empresas acusadas de fraude pela Comissão de Valores Mobiliários dos Estados Unidos (Securities and Exchange Commission, SEC), estimamos um modelo logit que corrige os problemas oriundos de fraudes não detectadas em empresas dos Estados Unidos.
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