The classical “university of reason”, the idea of which is defined in German classical philosophy and German romanticism as “preparation for knowledge”, and “mission” - as “the formation of goodwill”, i.e. the education of a citizen, has lost its foundation in modernity: the essential unity of culture, the nation, the state, and the university is removed and the named “elements” of this unity in modern reality, presented in the liberal version of the economic paradigm, mean something else: the article indicates their new meaning, and as such are no longer connected. The thing that has replaced the “university of reason” in modernity has other tasks: to guarantee globalization by producing technical, i.e. directly useful and standardized knowledge, and to participate in the formation of human capital. The products produced by the university are offered on the global market as a competitively priced commodity; the name “university” is still kept as a “technical term” to denote a “bureaucratically and commercially oriented corporation”. (B. Ridings). At the same time, a unified educational space as one of the areas of the global order needs the formation of a cosmopolitan worldview - the structure, the content of educational programs, the form of organization of the modern university-corporation (as now - “multicultural reality”) are aimed at fulfilling such a definite task. The concept of “sustainable development” and its stated agenda, by defining educational goals, represents a way of ’politicizing’ (W. Beck), which aims to limit total market logic and balance necessary inequalities to ensure the unity of the global order; the article asks what this means for a university that has lost its essential identity and is embedded in a global network.
The sociological and historical discourse of a nation transforms the usual ideas about the need for a nation as an exclusive form of political unity of a sovereign people: the historical and sociological conditionality of the nation and the randomness of the historically unique constellation of the circumstances of the emergence of the new European nation-state are revealed. The preconditions and foundations of the sociological-historical discourse of the nation are usually not explicated: “liberal metaphysics” (K. Schmitt), the essence of which is defined as an endless discussion of autonomous individuals-subjects, postulates political loyalty to the state, the citizen of which is the individual, as the basis of the nation as a civil society and the choice of national identity based on the free decision of the autonomous citizen-subject; “ethnic groups” and “historical national communities” are regarded as material, the form and meaning of which is determined by the political nation, the formation of which is due to the need for mass mobilization of the militaristic territorial new European state, the democratic form and expanding political and social citizenship. Changing the configuration of these conditions cancels, gradually, but necessary, the reality of the nation, which is now viewed as a remnant (V. Pareto), representing a social danger (nationalism, ethnic terrorism). Sociological and historical discourse of a nation through causal information (M. Weber) claims to reduce the reality of a nation to the socio-historical conditions of its formation and existence, that is, to completely remove the nation and the national as an “irrelevant” (and marginal) form of identification for modern times.
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