Purpose: Staphylococcus aureus is an important nosocomial pathogen and the progression of methicillin resistance stances a most important threat for its control. The current study was directed to govern the MRSA prevalence and its susceptibility to various antibiotics given for anti-staphylococcal strains in OPD treated patients. Study design: Prospective descriptive study. Place and duration: This study was conducted in the East Surgical Ward of Mayo Hospital, Lahore for two-year duration from January 2020 to December 2021. Methods: A total of 200 patients with septic wounds of both sexes were encompassed in the study. Swabs were taken from wounds which were infected and Stuart's medium was used to transport them. The samples were grown onto MacConkey agar, nutrient agar and blood agar and for 24 hours; incubated at 37 ° C. All MRSA isolates were biochemically and morphologically identified using standard procedures of laboratory by processing clinical specimens submitted to a microbiology laboratory. All isolates were tested for patterns of resistance and sensitivity. Results: A total of 200 patients were included, 115 (57.5%) were men and 85 (42.5%) were women with 27.3 years of mean age and age range from 15-70 years. The incidence of positive cases confirmed by culture was 118 (59%) and the MRSA incidence was 78 (39%). Of the 78 cases of MRSA, 50 (64.10%) are men and 28 (35.90%) are women. The incidence of other microorganisms was 40 (33.8%). MRSA was 100% sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. Of these, 24.4% were sensitive to cotrimoxazole, 47.4% were sensitive to fucidic acid and 28.2% were sensitive tetracycline antibiotics. Cultured MRSAs were resistant 100% to main antibiotic groups including penicillin, macrolides, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, meropenem, imipenem, gentamicin, and tazobactum/ pipracillin. Of all 78 MRSA patients, > 50% were from general surgery and orthopaedics departments, and the remainder from other related specialties, such as Gynecology, pediatric surgery, maxillofacial surgery, neurosurgery and otolaryngology. Of 78 patients with MRSA, 70 (89.7%) were hospitalized with a history of hospitalization, and 60 (76.9%) were hospitalized for >1-week. The organism was institute to be hundred percent resistant to the generally directed antibiotics. Conclusions: The incidence of MRSA is increasing. The organism spreads readily in a hospital setting, causing morbidity, mortality and higher costs. Special infection control actions and precautions should be taken to stop and prevent the MRSA spreading. Keywords: Nosocomial infections, MRSA and Antibiotic resistance
Hyperlipidaemia is the utmost important factors influencing coronary heart disease. Statins are supposed to be the 1st line of drug in clinical exercise for lowering low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and increasing HDL cholesterol. This study was held for the comparison of the safety and efficacy of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in lowering hyperlipidaemia among hyperlipidemic patients. Study Design: A prospective observational study. Place and Duration: In the Medicine department of Mayo hospital, Lahore for three-months duration from 15th March 2021 to 15th June 2021. Methods: This study comprised 90 patients with newly diagnosed hyperlipidaemia divided into two groups containing equal number of patients in both. Patients prescribed 10 mg of atorvastatin in Group A and 5 mg of rosuvastatin in Group B once daily for 6 weeks by the treating doctor of medicine. The data was saved in a personalized proforma format, and the SPSS 20.0 was used for analysis. Results: Serum total cholesterol decreased significantly afterwards the treatment with the rosuvastatin and atorvastatin groups (p <0.00001, correspondingly), but no significant variance (p = 0.510) noticed among the both groups treated with statins. The decrease in serum triglycerides was also significant (p = 0.0006 in the rosuvastatin group and p = 0.042 in the atorvastatin group) but the comparable difference in lowering hyperlipidemia was no significant among the both groups (p = 0.309). Similarly, LDL-C serum levels were significantly reduced in both groups (p <0.00001) but no statistically significant variance (p = 0.756) noticed among the two groups in terms of efficacy. Conclusion: No substantial changes in serum HDL levels were observed. The difference among the both groups was not significant (p = 0.731). This analysis = shows that both rosuvastatin and atorvastatin improved the lipid profile, but no changes were seen significantly among the both groups. Keywords: Hyperlipidemia, Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin.
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