Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that remains a significant health concern in Indonesia. The disease is more prevalent in urban areas due to lifestyles, socioeconomics level and lack of physical activity. Currently, DM has begun occured also in rural areas. The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with Type II DM incidence in rural areas.Method: This is analytical study with a case-control design, located in Community Health Centre 1, Wangon, Banyumas Regency. There are 65 people in case group and 65 people in control group involved in this study. Variables included personal characteristics, dietary habit, physical activity and exposure to cigarette smoke. Data was obtained by structured questionnaire and analyze using univariate, bivariate (chi-square test) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression test).Results: The results showed that the dietary habit (OR = 11,824; 95% CI = 4,988-28,032) and physical activity (OR = 2,608; 95% CI = 1,116–6,095) had influenced on the incidence of DM type II. Whilst the exposure of cigarette smoking did not influenced the incidence of DM type II. It is suggested that consume foods with balanced nutrition and doing physical activities should be conducted routinely in accordance with WHO recommendations.
Squamous cancer of the oesophagus has been, for almost a century, a major cause of morbidity and mortality in East and Southern Africa, and has been referred to as endemic in many high-incidence regions. Uncertainty about aetiology has inhibited effective preventive initiatives. The aims of this study are to assess why some African regions and countries have a very high incidence of oesophageal cancer; to assess evidence-based associations and risk factors for population susceptibility and for individual susceptibility; to identify which of these are amenable to change; to put forward possible strategies to achieve change. A literature review identified the well-evidenced associations with high incidences of squamous oesophageal cancer to be maize, maize meal, and tobacco. A predominantly maize-based diet, and high use of maize meal are associated with population susceptibility. Tobacco is associated with individual susceptibility within a susceptible population. Alcohol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and wild vegetables are possible risk factors; other proposed risk factors are improbable. Possible actions are discussed for countries where there is a very high incidence of squamous cancer of the oesophagus. Measures to reduce population susceptibility include regulation of commercially produced maize meal to reduce content of free fatty acids at the time of consumption and supplementation of the diet with omega-3 fatty acid. Fortification of maize meal with zinc and selenium, and health education about production and consumption of fruit and vegetables may be helpful. Legislation to reduce tobacco consumption will reduce individual susceptibility.
Background: Health is a substantial factor in creating distinguished human resources. University, as a prominent institution in society, has a role in creating distinguished human resources that could be realized with the campus policy concerned with health issues. Universitas Jenderal Soedirman (UNSOED) has not made a specific health Promoting University (HPU) policy or a healthy campus program. The importance of health problem surveillance in the case of the academic community –and its determinant–and its result could be fundamental, either in the decision-making or policy planning related to the creation of a healthy campus at UNSOED. The study intends to analyze the correlation between health literacy and the attitude of HPU towards healthy behavior among the academic community at UNSOED.Method: The study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional. The data acquisition was carried out by online sampling from August until September 2021. A total of 238 respondents were involved: lecturers, academic staff, and students from 12 faculties at UNSOED. The data respondents were analyzed with chi-square. Results: The majority of respondents were not infected with a chronic disease, were immune from COVID-19 and had no allergies either. Most of the respondents have moderate health literacy, supporting the policy about HPU, but most still lack consciousness to apply healthy behavior on campus. The correlation between health literacy and healthy behavior in the impacted group could only be found in the UNSOED lecturer (p-value 0.034), instead of the other groups. There is no impacted relation between the attitude and the healthy behavior of all respondent group. It is necessary to develop a health promotion university program that follows the academic community's needs.
Background : Cases of women infected with HIV are increasing, potentially developing HIV/AIDS transmission from mother to baby. This can be prevented by utilizing VCT servicesPurpose: This study aims to determine factors toward utilization of VCT services to pregnant women at Banyumas . Methods: The study design used cross-sectional study, population are pregnant women in Banyumas. Total sample of 133 pregnant women. Sampling using cluster random sampling technique. Data analysis was performed using univariate, bivariate with chi-square, and multivariate using logistic regression. Results: The results showed there are family size, attitude, clinical assesment that affect utilization of VCT services. The influence of the number of family size affect utilization of VCT services (p = 0.032). influence attitudes towards the utilization of VCT services (p = 0.004). Clinical assessment also showed that effect utilization of VCT services (p = 0.031). Conclusion : Characteristic variable is the number of family size, and clinical assessment related to the utilization of VCT services. Attitude is variable most to contribute to the utilization of VCT services.
The number of maternal deaths in Banyumas Regency was ranked 4th out of 35 districts in Central Java by 2015. The mortality rate of mother in Banyumas District in 2014 is 114.73 per 100,000 live births. One of the dominant factors that affect the condition is the role of the family. The family of pregnant women is one of the potential groups in a society close to pregnant women and can become a health cadre partner. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of training in increasing the role of cadres as a family counsellor of pregnant women in Puskesmas II Sumbang. This research used pre and post quasi experiment method with control design. The population in this study was cadres of pregnant women in the village in the area of Puskesmas II Sumbang. The results of this study indicated that training was not effective in improving the role of cadres (knowledge, attitude and communication skills of cadres) as a family counsellor of pregnant women.
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