Background : Most human activities cannot be separated from the use of computers. Long-term and uncontrolled use of computers can lead to Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS). According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (KEMENKES) CVS can be handled with ergonomics use of computers resultantly reducing the impact of computer exposure. Education on ergonomics use of computer and PERMATA-KU exercise is expected to improve CVS scores.Research Purpose : Proving the effect of PERMATA-KU exercises toward CVS score improvementMethod : Research subjects are divided into treatment group and control group, each group consists of 15 people. The treatment group received education about the ergonomics use of computer and PERMATA-KU exercises while the control group received education on the ergonomics use of computers. The measurement’s instrument is the CVS questionnaire. The dependent variable of the study was the CVS score and the independent variable of the study was the type of treatment. Statistical test with Wilcoxon, paired t test, unpaired t test, Mann whitney and chi square. Meaning value p <0.05.Result : There was a significant difference in CVS scores before and after the intervention in the treatment group (p = 0.001) and the control group (p = 0.006). There was a significant difference in delta CVS scores between the treatment group and the control group (p=0,008). There was a significant difference in CVS scores after the intervention in the treatment group and the control group (p=0,017). There was no significant difference in the incidence of CVS after the intervention between the treatment group and the control group (p = 0.259).Conclusion : There is an effect of "PERMATA-KU" exercise on the improvement of CVS scores.

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) merupakan kumpulan masalah pada mata dan penglihatan akibat dari penggunaan komputer, telepon seluler, tablet, dan e-reader yang berkepanjangan. Dry eye (mata kering) merupakan salah satu gejala yang biasa muncul pada CVS. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan senam ‘PERMATA-KU’ (Pelihara Mata–Kendorkan Bahu) sebagai senam tambahan untuk mengurangi gejala dry eye pada CVS. Tujuan: Membuktikan adanya perbaikan skor OSDI (Ocular Surface Disease Index)  sebelum dan setelah senam “PERMATA-KU” pada CVS. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian ekperimen kuasi dengan Pre-Post with Control Design. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran UNDIP yang mengalami CVS dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang  dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol secara acak. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan intervensi edukasi ergonomis penggunaan komputer dan senam PERMATA-KU selama 14 hari. Kelompok kontrol diberikan intervensi edukasi ergonomis penggunaan komputer. Skor OSDI diukur sebelum dan setelah intervensi menggunakan kuesioner Ocular Surface Disease Index. Hasil: Subjek penelitian berjumlah 32 orang dengan 16 orang pada kelompok perlakuan dan 16 orang pada kelompok kontrol. Satu orang pada kelompok kontrol dan satu orang pada kelompok perlakuan drop out karena tidak dapat menyelesaikan prosedur penelitian sehingga hanya 30 subjek penelitian yang dianalisis. Skor OSDI setelah intervensi pada kelompok perlakuan mengalami penurunan signifikan (p<0,05). Skor OSDI setelah intervensi pada kelompok perlakuan lebih baik daripada kelompok kontrol (p<0,05). Perbaikan skor OSDI pada kelompok perlakuan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol tetapi tidak signifikan (p=0,595). Kesimpulan: Senam PERMATA-KU yang dilakukan selama 14 hari dapat memperbaiki skor OSDI pada Compter Vision Syndrome.   Kata Kunci: Compter Vision Syndrome (CVS), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), dry eye, Senam PERMATA-KU

Background: The prevalence of diabetic patients is increasing over the years. It will increase the incidence of microvascular complications due to prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetic patient. Diabetic retinopathy is one of microvascular complication which is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. Prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetic patient cause toxicity to the retina which cause nerve and vascular damage and death to the retina. In this study was analyzed the association of diabetes duration with the severity of diabetic retinopathy associated with many cases of delay in diagnosing diabetes recentlyObjective: This study aims to investigate the association of diabetes duration with the severity of diabetic retinopathyMethods: A cross-sectional design was performed by collecting data from the medical records of diabetic patients who were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy in Diponegoro National Hospital in July-December 2019 using purposive sampling method. Research subjects were 51 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using non-parametric Chi Square test with p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Prevalence was more in the age group of 51-60 years (45,1%), female (58,8%), diabetics <5 years (41,2%), and PDR (72,6%). Chi Square analysis shows no statistically significant association between duration of diabetes with the severity of diabetic retinopathy (p = 0,881)Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between duration of diabetes with the severity of diabetic retinopathy

Background: Cataract is a serious problem in the world because it is the biggest cause of blindness in the world. Cataract healing can only be done with operative measures, one of them is phacoemulsification. The phacoemulsification technique is the latest operative technique for cataract healing but both conventional techniques or phacoemulsification techniques can cause a decrease in tear secretion after cataract surgery. The reduction in tear secretion can be evaluated using the Schirmer I test. In this study an analysis of differences in tear secretion before and after phacoemulsification surgery.Aims: Knowing, comparing, and analyzing the differences in tear secretion before and after phacoemulsification surgery using the Schirmer I test.Methods: 22 cataract eyes consisting of 15 patients who will undergo phacoemulsification surgery were collected by consecutive sampling at the Sultan Agung Eye Center, Sultan Agung Hospital, Semarang from August to September 2019, examined using the Schirmer I test. After the data was collected, data analyzed with Wilcoxon rank test.Results: A total of 15 cataract patients consisting of 10 female patients and 5 male patients with a total of 22 eye samples. The average tear secretion before and after phacoemulsification surgery was 12.77 ± 2.74 mm and 11.00 ± 1.95 mm. Data were tested with the Wilcoxon rank test, p = 0,000 (p <0.05) which showed a difference in average tear secretion before and after phacoemulsification.Conclusion: There are differences in tear secretion before and after phacoemulsification surgery.

Background: Myopia is one of the visual disorders that has a high prevalence in the world. Based on the severity degree, myopia is divided into three criteria, namely mild, moderate and severe. Severe-degree myopia patients are more likely to suffer from certain eye diseases, especially those associated with the retina, such as retinal detachment.Objective: To analyze the relationship between the degree of myopia and the incidence of retinal detachment.Methods: This research is an observational analytical with cross-sectional approach. The research data was obtained using consecutive sampling from the medical records of myopia patients in Diponegoro National Hospital during 2015-2020. Research subjects used in this research were 70 patients who fulfill the inclusion and not the exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using Chi Square test.  Results: The prevalence of retinal detachment is dominated by the age group of 51-60 years old (18.6%), male (35.7%) and a severe degree of myopia (34.3%). The results of the Chi Square test show that there is a significant relationship between the severity degree of myopia and the incidence of retinal detachment.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the degree of myopia and the incidence of retinal detachment.