Introduction Since March 2011, the microbial collagenase of Clostridium histolyticum ( Xiapex®, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB, Stockholm, Sweden) has become available in the European Union for treatment of Dupuytren’s disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential safety risks of Xiapex® and to contribute to a better understanding for its use. Methods A prospective, non-interventional, observational study using Xiapex® for Dupuytren’s disease named XIANIS was conducted between 1.10.2011 and 01.10.2017. Treatment was conducted in accordance to the manufacturer information. Patients were invited for follow-up after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 1 year. Demographic data, treatment data, pain levels, anaesthetic application during passive manipulation, subjective function improvement, subjective satisfaction and adverse events were recorded. Results 788 patients with 814 treatments were included who suffered from Dupuytren’s contracture for a mean of 64 months. The metacarpophalangeal joint was affected in 57% of cases and the PIP joint in 40.8% with a mean contracture of 39° and 56°, respectively. A change in the contracture down to 0°–5° was reported in 66.5% of cases, while 25.5% achieved a partial improvement. The pain during the injection was rated 4.5 and 3.3 during passive manipulation. Adverse events were reported in the majority of treated patients with skin tears being one main common event (26%). Further adverse outcomes were bleeding/hematoma, joint swelling, injection-site swelling, pressure sensitivity, erythema, injection-site pain, peripheral edema, blood blisters, blisters, painless lymphadenopathy, painful lymphadenopathy, axillary pain, arthralgia and sensory abnormality. There were no reported tendon ruptures, anaphylactic reactions or ligament injuries. On 1-year follow-up, 29% showed an increased contracture of a mean of 24° with the need for surgical treatment in 2% of patients. 74% of patients were very satisfied and 72% showed a high functional improvement. Conclusion The injectable collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (Xiapex®) proved to be effective and safe in patients with Dupuytren’s disease. Minor adverse events disappeared within 30 days and the need for surgical treatment within 1 year was very low (2%). No major complications or rare side effects were seen in this prospective observational study.

Purpose: This study aims to elucidate the occurrence of postoperative carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), the functional outcome of patients with primary pronator teres syndrome (PTS), and review complete literature regarding this topic. Material and Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted in patients with PTS at a single center. In all patients, a numeric Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, Pinch-Test, Jamar hand dynamometer test (JAMAR), and the Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score were analyzed preoperatively and at final follow-up to assess outcome. Additionally, a complete review of the literature was performed, including all data dealing with pronator teres syndrome. Results: Ten female and two male patients were included with a mean age of 49 years. Significant improvement in DASH and numeric VAS was detected at latest postoperative follow-up. In three patients, clinical signs of CTS pathology were detected during the follow-up period. One patient needed to be treated surgically, and in the other two patients, a conservative management was possible. In one patient (8%), a PTS recurrence was detected. All patients presented satisfied at latest follow-up. Conclusion: In one-fourth of our patients, a CTS occurred during the follow-up period. Therefore, focusing on double-crush syndrome in unclear or mixed symptoms is necessary to avoid multiple operations. Furthermore, it seems that assessment with NCV is not enough for diagnosing PTS; therefore, further research is needed to clarify this problem.

ZusammenfassungDie Dupuytren’sche Kontraktur (DK) oder Morbus Dupuytren ist eine progressive fibroproliferative Erkrankung des palmoplantaren Bindegewebes, bei der es zu einer charakteristischen Knoten- und/oder Strangbildung aus Kollagen kommt. Bei fortschreitender Erkrankung führt die Strangverdickung zu einer Beugekontraktur des betroffenen Fingers, die in einer deutlichen Behinderung der Betroffenen münden kann, insbesondere bei beidseitigem Befall.Die Erkrankung ist in Europa relativ verbreitet, wobei die Prävalenz in nordischen Ländern am höchsten ist. In Österreich geht man von rund 200 000 Betroffenen aus. Die Inzidenz steigt mit zunehmendem Alter, wobei Männer häufiger und früher erkranken als Frauen.Die Ätiologie der DK ist nicht vollständig geklärt, scheint jedoch multifaktoriell zu sein, wobei eine genetische Prädisposition als gesichert gilt. Der natürliche Verlauf der Erkrankung kann zwischen relativ gutartig und massiver Progredienz und Rezidivhäufigkeit variieren. Zumeist findet sich ein schubweiser Verlauf.Die DK ist nicht heilbar; die Behandlungsmethoden reichen von minimalinvasiven bis zu offenen chirurgischen Verfahren. Collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) ist eine nichtchirurgische, enzymatische Injektionsbehandlung für erwachsene Patienten (≥ 18 Jahre), die in Europa seit 2011 zur Behandlung der DK mit einem tastbaren Strang zugelassen ist. Klinische Studien und praktische Erfahrungen einzelner Zentren bestätigen die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit der CCH-Behandlung von Beugekontrakturen.Das vorliegende Konsensus Statement wurde unter der Ägide der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Handchirurgie und der Mitwirkung der Österreichischen Gesellschaften für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und orthopädische Chirurgie sowie für Plastische, Ästhetische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie erstellt. Es beschreibt die verschiedenen chirurgischen Verfahren unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kollagenase-Behandlung und stellt eine Orientierungshilfe für deren Einsatz dar. Das Statement soll nicht nur den Stand des Wissens der DK-Behandlung abbilden, sondern auch als Richtschnur dienen und zu einem einheitlich hohen Qualitätsstandard der Kontraktur-Behandlung in chirurgischen Zentren und spezialisierten Arztpraxen in ganz Österreich beitragen.