These studies consist of experiments, physical modelling, and numerical simulations concerning gas‐induced injection and mixing of reaction inhibitors in vessels containing low viscosity liquids. The mixing times required to achieve a final mixing quality of 95% were determined by means of a decolorization technique and a probe method (conductivity probes). The mixing time decreases with increasing gas flow rate, liquid level, eccentricity of the gas injection point, and with decreasing liquid viscosity. Based on fundamental physical principles, analytical models were developed which can be used to estimate, with an average precision of ± 13 %, the mixing times measured on three different scales. The results of scale‐up were additionally confirmed via numerical simulations. The results of these studies show that gas‐induced mixing of reaction inhibitor solutions can represent a reliable safety system for preventing exothermal runaway reactions. Moreover, direct injection of gas may also be used for admixing additives during normal operation of reactors and storage tanks.
Gas‐Induced Admixture of Reaction Inhibitors in Vessels Containing Liquids of Higher Viscosities.
This article deals with calculation of the mixing action of gas introduced close to the bottom of vessels containing viscous liquids ( > 10 mPa s). The mixing time required for 95% mixing was determined. This time decreases with increasing volume flow of gas and level of liquid, increasing eccentricity of the point of gas introduction, and decreasing liquid viscosity. With the aid of an analytical model based on fluid dynamics, the mixing time to be expected can be predicted up to – and presumably beyond – a viscosity of 350 mPa s. Only a slight increase in mixing time is to be expected with decreasing interfacial tension and in systems with inhibited coalescence. The results show that gas‐induced mixing of vessels [1–4] is also applicable to high‐viscosity liquids. The approach can also be used for purposes other than admixture of reaction stoppers, such as the admixture of additives in normal operation of reactors and storage tahks.
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